Effects of bisphenol F, bisphenol S, and bisphenol AF on cultured human osteoblasts

Abstract

Bisphenol A (BPA) analogs, like BPA, could have adverse effects on human health including bone health. The aim was to determine the effect of BPF, BPS and BPAF on the growth and differentiation of cultured human osteoblasts. Osteoblasts primary culture from bone chips harvested during routine dental work and treated with BPF, BPS, or BPAF for 24 h at doses of 10–5, 10–6, and 10–7 M. Next, cell proliferation was studied, apoptosis induction, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. In addition, mineralization was evaluated at 7, 14, and 21 days of cell culture in an osteogenic medium supplemented with BP analog at the studied doses. BPS treatment inhibited proliferation in a dose-dependent manner at all three doses by inducing apoptosis; BPF exerted a significant inhibitory effect on cell proliferation at the highest dose alone by an increase of apoptosis; while BPAF had no effect on proliferation or cell viability. Cell differentiation was adversely affected by treatment with BPA analogs in a dose-dependent, observing a reduction in calcium nodule formation at 21 days. According to the results obtained, these BPA analogs could potentially pose a threat to bone health, depending on their concentration in the organism.

In-utero exposure to estrogen-mimicking bisphenols alters bone mineralization in the offspring

“…Prolonged exposure (21d) to bisphenols in an osteogenic medium inhibited the calcium module formation in the SaOS-2 cells observed in our study, indicating its adverse effects on mineralization processes. Many studies have reported decreased mineralization due to bisphenol exposure in different cells, such as MG-63 (Maduranga Karunarathne et al, 2022), MC3T3-E1 (Hwang et al, 2013), primary human osteoblast (García-Recio et al, 2022;García-Recio et al, 2023). The potential discrepancies between in vitro (calcium nodule formation) and in-vivo mineralization observed in our study could be due to the involvement of system's biological response, including hormonal regulation, rather than the cell culture system.…”

Effects of Prenatal Exposure to Bisphenol A Substitutes, Bisphenol S and Bisphenol F, on Offspring’s Health: Evidence from Epidemiological and Experimental Studies

“…Similarly, cell proliferation showed significant dose-dependency inhibition in human osteoblast tissues exposed to BPF or BPS [80]. Osteoblasts are specialized cells responsible for bone formation and are crucial in maintaining bone health and integrity.…”