Renoprotective Effect of Grape Seed Extract against Oxidative Stress Induced by Gentamicin and Hypercholesterolemia in Rats

Abstract

Rationale: Kidneys are dynamic organs and represent one of the major systems maintaining the body homeostasis; they are affected by many chemicals and drugs. Grape seed extract (GSE) has been targeted to prevent drug-induced renal toxicity. Objectives: This study investigates the possible renoprotective effect of GSE against oxidative stress, renal impairment, and hypercholesterolemia (HC) induced by gentamicin (GM) and cholesterol-enriched diet. Seventy adult male Wistar rats (160 ± 10 g) were divided into seven groups: (1) served as control, (2) GSE, (3) GM, (4) GSE + GM, (5) hypercholesterolemic (HC) group, (6) GM + HC group, and (7) GM + HC + GSE. Kidney functions, inflammatory mediators, cytokines, lipid profile, nitric oxide (NO), cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), and oxidative and antioxidative stress parameters were assessed in all groups. Main findings: GM induced renal dysfunction, which was exacerbated by the presence of HC as confirmed by laboratory determinations. Administration of GSE attenuated the renal toxicity evidenced in significant reduction in elevated kidney function, inflammatory cytokines as well as lipid profile, NO, cGMP, enzymatic, and nonenzymatic antioxidants. Conclusion: Administration of GSE simultaneously with GM attenuated oxidative stress, diminished renal toxicity, and improved lipid profile induced by GM and HC.

Hemin Attenuates Cisplatin-Induced Acute Renal Injury in Male Rats

“…Kidneys are dynamic organs and represent one of the major homeostasis body systems; they are affected by diverse varieties of chemicals and drugs [ 34 – 36 ]. Platinum complexes (such as CP) are highly nephrotoxic, which predominantly accumulate in the kidneys [ 37 ].…”

Nutritional constituents, phytochemical profiles, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial properties, and gas chromatography–mass spectrometry analysis of various solvent extracts from grape seeds (Vitis vinifera L.)

“…Grape seed extract (GSE) is a waste product of the winery and grape juice industry (1), which contains a vast range of health benefits, such as 11% proteins, 40% fiber, 16% oil, 29.2% complex carbohydrates, 7% complex phenols, including tannins and other substances like sugars, mineral salts, and vitamins (2). The literature has confirmed the importance of GSE in pharmaceutical, food, cosmetic, and medical areas due to their effect against the deterioration and degeneration of human diseases by inhibiting the low-density lipoprotein (LDL) (3), antioxidative (4), anti-inflammatory (5), and antidiabetic (6) expressions as well as having hepatoprotective (7), renoprotective (8), and cardioprotective (9) activities. In addition, GSEs have gained considerable attention as antimicrobial compounds due to the presence of the 3,4,5-trihydroxyphenyl groups found in epigallocatechin, epigallocatechin-3-ogallate, prodelphinidin, and castalagin (10).…”

Effects of Methanol Extract of Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) on Atherogenic Indices and Redox Status of Cellular System of Hypercholesterolemic Male Rats

“…Hypercholesterolemia, characterized by the presence of high levels of cholesterol in the blood [4], is a form of hyperlipidemia and hyperlipoproteinemia. Hyperlipidemia has also been found to induce oxidative stress in various organs of the body [5]. Although several factors, such as life style, a diet rich in cholesterol, and age, have been reported to cause heart failure [6, 7], high levels of cholesterol, particularly LDL-cholesterol, are mainly responsible for hypercholesterolemia [8].…”