Removing heavy metals from Isfahan composting leachate by horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland

Abstract

Composting facility leachate usually contains high concentrations of pollutants including heavy metals that are seriously harmful to the environment and public health. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate heavy metals removal from Isfahan composting facility (ICF) leachate by a horizontal flow constructed wetland (HFCWs) system. Two horizontal systems were constructed, one planted with vetiver and the other without plant as a control. They both operated at a flow rate of 24 L/day with a 5-day hydraulic retention time (HRT). The average removal efficiencies for Cr (53 %), Cd (40 %), Ni (35 %), Pb (30 %), Zn (35 %), and Cu (40 %) in vetiver constructed wetland were significantly higher than those of the control (P < 0.05). Accumulations of heavy metals in roots were higher than shoots. Cd and Zn showed the highest and the lowest bioconcentration factor (BCF), respectively. Vetiver tolerates the extreme condition in leachate including high total dissolved solids.

Utilization of constructed wetland for the removal of heavy metal through fly ash bricks manufactured using harvested plant biomass

“…High rate of heavy metal of Cu (96 %), Zn (95 %), (Fe 93) and Cr (91 %) in the present study as compared to the Typha latifoliya, Myriophylhum aquaticum , Ludwigina palustris , Eichhornia crassipes , Schoenoplectus californicus , Cyperus papyrus and Phragmites australis reported by Crites et al (1997), Lim et al (2003), Kamal et al (2004), Nelson et al (2006), Maine et al (2009), Zhao et al (2011), Bakhshoodeh et al (2016), Mustapha et al (2018) and Hamad (2020) which indicates C. indica is the high potential for heavy metal removal and can be strongly used for industrial wastewater. However, other researchers have reported on successful wastewater treatment and pollution control using C. indica ‐based CWs (Calheiros et al, 2015; Cui et al, 2010; Samal et al, 2017; Ventura et al, 2021).…”

“…The literature revealed that macrophytes in CWs can accumulate heavy metals from wastewater in their stems, leaves and rhizomes/roots, indicating that they can be used as plants to remove excess heavy metals from wastewater (Anning et al, 2013; Bakhshoodeh et al, 2016; Calheiros et al, 2008; Peverly et al, 1995). Vodyanitskii and Shoba (2015) stated that macrophytes play a critical role in wetland geochemistry, further extensive root system, highly productive biomass, immobile nature and tolerance to toxicity; macrophytes can generally acquire significant quantities of heavy metals from water and sediments (Ventura et al, 2021).…”

The Sustainable Treatment Effect of Constructed Wetland for the Aquaculture Effluents from Blunt Snout Bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) Farm

“…High levels of heavy metals are highly toxic to aquatic animals, and they can also be accumulated in the muscles of fish or shrimps, which may cause an adverse impact on food safety [55,56]. CW has been applied extensively for the removal of heavy metals from urban sewage through different mechanisms [57]. The capacity of wetland plants for heavy metals removal is shown in many studies [58,59].…”

Use of municipal, agricultural, industrial, construction and demolition waste in thermal and sound building insulation materials: a review article

“…In the agricultural industry, harvesting and post-harvesting activities generate large quantities of solid waste [73]. Agricultural waste can offer a good alternative to conventional insulation materials: they are renewable annually and compostable, and they naturally have low thermal conductivity [74]. Total yearly agricultural by-product that has been produced in EU-27 in 2000-2002 was 457 million tonnes, about half of which (215 million tonnes) was accepted as by-product [75].…”