Removal of the Fermentation Inhibitor, Furfural, Using Activated Carbon in Cellulosic-Ethanol Production

Abstract

The submission of my dissertation marks the culmination of my long and fruitful journey of being a student. I have, through the last four years of my graduate study, been the beneficiary of an amazing amount of support from a large number of people to whom I owe all my success. I would first like to thank my parents, who have been supportive of me throughout my entire life and encouraged me to succeed in everything I attempt. I am deeply indebted to them for their continued support, love and generosity. I will forever be grateful to my graduate advisor, Dr. Willian Koros, for supporting me through my graduate studies. His passion in research and trust on people set a superb role for me to follow in my future life. My gratitude extends to all my committee members, Dr.

Production of Bacterial Cellulose by Acetobacter xylinum through Utilizing Acetic Acid Hydrolysate of Bagasse as Low-cost Carbon Source

“…The adsorption quantity of xylose by activated carbon was higher than that of the glucose because the concentration of xylose was much higher than glucose, resulting in a higher contact with activated carbon. The adsorption quantity of lignin was the highest, which may be associated with its solubility; materials with lower solubility are more easily removed (Zhang et al 2011). Table 3.…”

Pyrochars from bioenergy residue as novel bio-adsorbents for lignocellulosic hydrolysate detoxification

“…Such values are in accordance with those observed by Li et al (2013) using wood bamboo charcoal (from 57 to 98 mg furfural g À1 pyrochar ) and by Cuevas et al (2014) using a commercial activated carbon in adsorption experiments where agitation was not used (48 mg furfural g À1 AC ). However, they are lower than those observed using activated carbon: around 149 mg furfural g À1 AC (Fatehi et al, 2013) and 240-270 mg furfural g À1 AC (Zhang, 2011). Higher adsorption capacity of AC could be explained by the higher accessible surface area ranging from 500 to 2000 m 2 g À1 .…”

“…To avoid the inhibitory effect of furans and aliphatic acids, several processes for hydrolysate detoxification, including evaporation, adsorption on active charcoal, adsorption on ion exchangers, solvent extraction, alkaline treatment or enzymatic treatment, have been investigated (Mussatto and Roberto, 2004). Among these techniques, activated carbon adsorption has attracted attention due to its high sorption capacity (Zhang, 2011;Antoniou et al, 2014). Activated carbons (AC) are generally produced in two steps: char production through pyrolysis followed by a steam or chemical/thermal activation Antoniou et al, 2014).…”

“…Activated carbons (AC) are generally produced in two steps: char production through pyrolysis followed by a steam or chemical/thermal activation Antoniou et al, 2014). The application of AC in lignocellulosic hydrolysate detoxification has been previously reported (Zhang, 2011;Sainio et al, 2011;Klasson et al, 2011Klasson et al, , 2013. Nonetheless, the high production cost of AC remains often a limitation for it full-scale industrial implementation (Luo et al, 2015;Li et al, 2013).…”

Assessment of holocellulose for the production of bioethanol by conserving Pinus radiata cones as renewable feedstock

“…The generation of fermentation inhibitors like acetic acid, hydroxy methyl furfural, furfural, glycol aldehyde and soluble phenolic compounds is also a prominent issue to be solved (Cavka et al, 2011;Sanda et al, 2011;Carter et al, 2011a, b;Raghu et al, 2011;Yong-Jin et al, 2011;Lee et al, 2011;Huang et al, 2011;Zhang et al, 2011;Bellido et al, 2011;Geddes et al, 2011;Sainio et al, 2011;Jayakody et al, 2011). A variety of biomass (cashew apple pulp, coffee pulp waste, switch grass, oil palm empty fruit bunches, seaweeds, bamboo, sugar-cane tops) are being examined as economically viable feedstock for the production of bioethanol (Sindhu et al, 2011;Zhao-Yong et al, 2011;Shenoy et al, 2011;Martin and Grossmann, 2011;Han et al, 2011;Yanagisawa et al, 2011aYanagisawa et al, , 2011b.…”