Removal of cadmium from water using by-product Crambe abyssinica Hochst seeds as biosorbent material

Abstract

The effectiveness of Crambe abyssinica Hochst seeds by-product as a biosorbent for the removal of cadmium ions from wastewater was analyzed. The biomass of crambe was characterized by scanning electron microscopy, infrared spectroscopy and determining the point of zero charge. The optimum adsorption conditions obtained were 400 mg of biomass in a solution of pH 6.0 and contact time of 60 min to remove 19.342 mg g(-1) cadmium ions. The isotherms of adsorption were constructed and, according to the mathematical linearization, the best fitting followed the Freundlich and Dubinin-Radushkevich models, describing a multilayer adsorption and chemical interaction, also confirmed by the pseudo-second order model and enthalpy value. In the desorption process, about 79% of cadmium ions that had been adsorbed were recovered. The same conditions applied for studying the isotherms of adsorption and desorption were used for comparative study with activated carbon. It was concluded that the use of crambe by-product as biosorbent for cadmium removal in wastewaters was not only a viable alternative to activated carbon, but also required no previous treatment, so it represents a sustainable material with high applicability and low environmental impact.

Adsorption of Cu (II) and Zn (II) from Water by Jatropha curcas L. as Biosorbent

“…Best contact time between adsorbent and adsorbate, which defines the minimum period required for equilibrium within the adsorption system to obtain maximum removal of Cu 2+ or Zn 2+ by the biosorbents studied in current research, is short. As a rule, longer contact time, sometimes up to 180 min, are necessary to obtain high removal rates [38][39][40]. The faster the effective removal of the adsorbate by the adsorbent, the better will be the material.…”

Removal of Cd(II), Pb(II) and Cr(III) from water using modified residues of Anacardium occidentale L.

“…10i-l). Meneghel et al (2013), Rubio et al (2013b), Coelho et al (2014) and Schwantes et al (2015) also found lower desorption rates for Cr 3+ , respectively, using the adsorbents: Moringa oleífera L., Crambe abyssina H., cashew nut shell, cassava peels in natura; all authors state the Cr is probably chemisorbed by the biomass. In most tests (Fig.…”

Removal of Cd (II) from water using the waste of jatropha fruit (Jatropha curcas L.)

“…removal may be a short time. Longer contact periods are usually needed for high removal rates which may reach 180 min (Guo et al 2008;Argun and Dursun 2008;Witek-Krowiak et al 2011;Coelho et al 2014;Meneghel et al 2013a;Rubio et al 2013a). It should be underscored that a quick and effective removal of solution contaminants is highly important and desirable for biosorbents.…”