Remote post-mortem radiology reporting in disaster victim identification: experience gained in the 2017 Grenfell Tower disaster

Rutty, Guy N.; Biggs, Mike; Brough, Alison; Morgan, Bruno; Webster, Philip; Heathcote, Ann; Dolan, Jessica; Robinson, Claire

doi:10.1007/s00414-019-02109-x

Cited by 23 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 12 publications

(10 reference statements)

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“…Hard/bone reconstruction kernels were used (FC35 for samples 3-9 and FC30 for samples 1-2). The slice thicknesses used to CT scan the bones (0.5 mm and 0.1 mm) were selected by the clinical CT-radiographer based upon their working knowledge and are reflective of that used in clinical CT and post-mortem CT scanning 33,34 . This study did not attempt to scan using the best possible resolution or technique, rather using a scan protocol that followed from Carew, Morgan and Rando 1 , and was reflective of real-world scenarios.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental assessment of the surface quality of 3D printed bones

Carew

Morgan

Rando

2020

Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences

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3D printed replicas of human remains are useful tools in courtroom demonstrations. Presently, little published research has investigated the surface quality of printed replicas for use in the presentation of forensic anthropology evidence. In this study, 3D printed replicas of nine human bones were reconstructed from computed tomography (CT) scan data using selective laser sintering (SLS). A three-phased approach assessed: i) the metric accuracy of the 3D prints; ii) the viability of applying age and sex estimation methods (with multiple observers (n=8); and, iii) the surface quality using a customised scoring method (with multiple observers (n=8)). The results confirmed that the prints in this study were accurate to within 2.0 mm of the original dry bone. Observers were able to confidently assess the gross features of the prints; however fine surface details were not always well represented compared to the dry bones.These findings confirm the applicability of 3D printed replicas for courtroom exhibition of gross features but offer caution against their use when fine detailing is important for evaluative interpretation.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental assessment of the surface quality of 3D printed bones

Carew

Morgan

Rando

2020

Australian Journal of Forensic Sciences

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“…Clearly this does not require CT images as direct MAC measurement could be performed. However, a PMCT MAC measuring method permits for revisiting a BW after releasing the body from the mortuary, as well as BW estimation as part of remote radiology reporting for example in during a disaster victim identification (DVI) incident [18]. Additionally, it may provide the opportunity to develop an automated software-based algorithm for this approach.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of mid-arm circumference for the estimation of adult body weight: A post mortem computed tomography approach

Nathongchai

Rutty

Brough³

et al. 2020

Forensic Imaging

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Cadaver body weight (BW) is to be documented, where possible, in all forensic autopsy examinations. However, it may not always be possible to ascertain an accurate BW if, for example, functioning weighing equipment is unavailable or the body is incomplete. This research aimed to translate an adult clinical prehospital method which uses a mid-arm circumference (MAC) measurement to estimate BW to establish a post mortem computed tomography (PMCT) technique for adult cadaver BW estimation. Method:The clinical method was adapted for PMCT bone and soft tissue methods. Right and left MAC measurements were obtained by four independent observers from sixty-six (45 males and 21 females) consented research adult PMCT scans using the Osirix DICOM viewer. All observers rated MAC quality score on each arm from 0 (very poor) to 3 (good). Results:In the final group of fifty-five with MAC quality score ≥ 1, MAC measurements correlated well with actual BW (r=0.87) and yielded excellent intra-and inter-observer reliability. There were no statistical differences between the two MAC methods, sexes or side of arm. Mean estimated BW by previous study Equation, BW=(4×MAC)-50, was 0.47 kg greater than mean actual BW with limits of agreement of 12.7 kg; this would be reduced to 9.2 kg if an outlier were excluded. Conclusions:The study identifies a quick and easy PMCT technique to estimate adult BW using PMCT. However, the result remains only an estimation and caution should be expressed if a result is applied to medico-legal cases.

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“…Forensic anthropologists with expertise in forensic imaging can also play a key role in the interpretation of radiological images (e.g., by distinguishing bone and tooth fragments from other materials or assisting in reconstructing bullet trajectories) [35,[38][39][40]. Indeed, imaging methods such as radiographs and PMCTs are increasingly used during DVI operations [41].…”

Section: Special Tasksmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology in Denmark

Villa

Lynnerup

Boel

et al. 2022

Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science

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In this paper, we provide a brief overview of the status of forensic anthropology and forensic archeology in Denmark, as well as related information about education, research, and skeletal collections. Forensic anthropologists mainly deal with the examination of unidentified skeletal remains. Some special tasks include cranial trauma analysis of the recently deceased, advanced 3D visualization from CT scanning of homicide cases, and stature estimation of perpetrators using surveillance videos. Forensic anthropologists are employed at one of Denmark’s three departments of forensic medicine (in Copenhagen, Odense, and Aarhus) and have access to advanced imaging equipment (e.g., CT and MR scanning, surface scanners, and 3D printers) for use in both their requisitioned work and their research. Extensive research is conducted on different topics, such as the health and diseases of past populations, age estimation, and human morphology. Research is based on skeletal material from the archeological collections housed in Copenhagen and Odense or on CT data from the recently deceased. There is no full degree in forensic anthropology in Denmark, but elective courses and lectures are offered to students at different levels and to people from different professional backgrounds. Forensic archaeology is a relatively new field of expertise in Denmark, and relevant cases are rare, with only one or two cases per year. No forensic archeologists are officially employed in any of the departments of forensic medicine. Until recently, the Special Crime Unit of the police handled crime scene investigations involving excavations, but with the option of enlisting the help of outside specialists, such as archaeologists, anthropologists, and pathologists. An official excavation work group was established in 2015 under the lead of the Special Crime Unit of the police with the aim of refining the methods and procedures used in relevant criminal investigations. The group is represented by five police officers from the Special Crime Scene Unit, a police officer from the National Police Dog Training center, the two archaeologists from Moesgaard Museum, a forensic anthropologist from the Department of Forensic Medicine (University of Copenhagen), and a forensic pathologist from the Department of Forensic Medicine (University of Aarhus).

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Remote post-mortem radiology reporting in disaster victim identification: experience gained in the 2017 Grenfell Tower disaster

Cited by 23 publications

References 12 publications

Experimental assessment of the surface quality of 3D printed bones

Experimental assessment of the surface quality of 3D printed bones

The use of mid-arm circumference for the estimation of adult body weight: A post mortem computed tomography approach

Forensic Anthropology and Archaeology in Denmark

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