Relative hypoleptinaemia in women with mild gestational diabetes mellitus

Abstract

Leptin levels are elevated in pregnancy. Women with mild GDM presented with relative hypoleptinaemia compared to women with normal glucose tolerance.

Do adiponectin, TNFα, leptin and CRP relate to insulin resistance in pregnancy? Studies in women with and without gestational diabetes, during and after pregnancy

“…Our finding of elevated leptin in pregnancy may be due to increased secretion from adipocytes in the presence of elevated oestrogen [23] and placental production [24], and is consistent with previous reports [15,25]. We observed reduced leptin levels in GDM compared to that in control subjects.…”

“…A maximum dose of 20 g was used during pregnancy and 25 g postpartum (in order to not overestimate the glucose dose based on a late pregnancy weight) and the cannula flushed with 20 mL of normal saline immediately after the IV dextrose. Samples were drawn from the same cannula at 2, 3,4,6,8,10,15,20,30,40,60,75,90 and 120 min, with flushing of the cannula with 3 mL of normal saline between each draw [17]. Samples were placed into pre-chilled tubes (serum/EDTA for TNFα, Ad, high sensitivity CRP (hsCRP), leptin and lipids; 4% sodium fluoride 25 µL/mL blood for glucose and insulin), centrifuged within 40 min and stored at −80 • C until time of assay.…”

“…Other cross-sectional reports have shown that adiponectin levels are reduced in women with GDM [6,7,11,12]. Leptin, an adipocytokine, which is also produced by the placenta and is involved with weight regulation and metabolism, has been variously reported as being elevated [13], normal [14] or reduced [15] in GDM pregnancy. Given the uncertainties with the current cross-sectional adipocytokine data, a role for these cytokines in the pathophysiology of GDM has not been clearly established.…”

Maternal Leptin, Adiponectin, Resistin, Visfatin and Tumor Necrosis Factor-Alpha in Normal and Gestational Diabetes

“…The available literatures regarding maternal leptin in GDM are characterized by conflicting data. Leptin levels were increased [15], decreased [16] or unchanged [17] in GDM compared to normal pregnancy. Differences in maternal leptin between GDM and control subjects might be due to differences in the expression of leptin receptors signals between normal and diabetic women.…”

“…Oxidative stress and inflammatory changes induced by hyperglycemia may also result in increased TNF-a secretion [58]. Increased secretion of TNF-a was found to exert an inhibitory effect on insulin secretion and insulin regulated glucose uptake in GDM, thus contributing to sustained hyperglycemia [16]. Coughlan et al [59] hypothesized that TNF-a released from gestational tissues during the third trimester may represent an additional diabetogenic factor exacerbating insulin resistance.…”