Relationships Between Field Performance Tests in High-Level Soccer Players

Abstract

To reduce athlete testing time, the aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the Yo-Yo intermittent recovery test levels 1 (IR1) and 2 (IR2) performances, maximal sprinting speed (10, 20, and 35 m), repeated sprint ability (RSA; 7 × 35 m), and submaximal heart rates (HRs) after 2 and 4 minutes of the Yo-Yo IR tests by testing 57 high-level soccer players. All players played regularly in one of 3 highest levels of Norwegian soccer and were tested during 3 sessions on 3 consecutive days. Large correlations were observed between Yo-Yo IR1 and IR2 test performances (r = 0.753, p ≤ 0.05). Small and moderate correlations were found between 20- and 35-m sprinting speed and Yo-Yo IR1 performance (r = -0.289 and -0.321, respectively, p ≤ 0.05), whereas 35-m sprinting speed correlated moderately to Yo-Yo IR2 performance (r = -0.371, p ≤ 0.05). Repeated sprint ability at 10, 20, and 35 m all showed moderate to large correlations to Yo-Yo IR1 performance (r = -0.337 to -0.573, p ≤ 0.05). Repeated sprint ability at 20 m (r = -0.348, p ≤ 0.05) and 35 m (r = -0.552, p ≤ 0.01) correlated moderately and largely to Yo-Yo IR2 performance. In addition, moderate and large correlations were found between submaximal Yo-Yo IR1 HRs after 2 (r = -0.483, p ≤ 0.01) and 4 minutes (r = -0.655, p ≤ 0.01) and Yo-Yo IR1 performance, and 2 minutes Yo-Yo IR2 HR and Yo-Yo IR2 performance (r = -0.530, p ≤ 0.01). Intraclass correlation measures of submaximal HR after 2 and 4 minutes of Yo-Yo IR1 test and after 2 minutes of the Yo-Yo IR2 were 0.92 (coefficient of variation [CV] = 4.1%, n = 33), 0.93 (CV = 3.8%, n = 33), and 0.72 (CV = 2.9%, n = 10). Adjusted ordinary least square (OLS) regressions revealed associations (p ≤ 0.05) between sprint speed at 20 and 35 m and Yo-Yo IR1 test performance, but only between 35 m and IR2 test performance (p ≤ 0.05). Further, OLS showed that RSA at 35 m was related to both levels of the Yo-Yo IR test (p ≤ 0.01), and that submaximal HRs after 2 and 4 minutes were independently associated with Yo-Yo IR1 and IR2 performances (p ≤ 0.01). In conclusion, Yo-Yo IR1 and 2 test performances, as well as sprint and RSA performances, correlated very largely, and it may therefore be considered using only one of the Yo-Yo tests and a RSA test, in a general soccer-specific field test protocol. The submaximal HR measures during Yo-Yo tests are reproducible and may be used for frequent, time-efficient, and nonexhaustive testing of intermittent exercise capacity of high-level soccer players.

Kapittel 14: Fysiske krav hjå profesjonelle fotballspelarar i OBOS-ligaen i kamp

“…Målepresisjo-nen har vist seg å vera saers god i høve til x-og y-posisjonane og totaldistanse (Ingebrigtsen et al, 2014). Datainnsamlinga byrja med at kvar spelar hadde på seg ein høgfrekvent radiosendar (20 Hz per sekund) med ein unik frekvens.…”

“…Studiane har vist at spelarar tilbakelegg mellom 9-14 km i løpet av ein fotballkamp uavhengig av liga eller divisjon (Bradley, Di Mascio, Peart, Olsen, & Sheldon, 2010;Stolen, Chamari, Castagna, & Wisloff, 2005;Vigne, Gaudino, Rogowski, Alloatti, & Hautier, 2010). Storparten av distansen vert tilbakelagt i form av å gå eller jogge (< 14,2 km/t) (Bush et al, 2015;Ingebrigtsen et al, 2014;Vigne et al, 2010). Til samanlikning utgjorde høgintensive løp (19,8 km/t-25.2 km/t) 7-12 % av totaldistanse medan sprintar (> 25, 2 km/t) utgjorde mellom 1-4 % (Bradley et al, 2009;Di Salvo et al, 2010).…”

“…Vidare har blitt hevda at evna til å gjenta høgintensive løp er den viktigaste fysiske enkeltfaktoren i fotball. Ferdigheita skil amatørar frå profesjonelle, dei ulike spelposisjonane og nivåskilnadane mellom profesjonelle (Bangsbo, Mohr, & Krustrup, 2006;Ingebrigtsen et al, 2014;Mohr, Krustrup, & Bangsbo, 2003;Stolen et al, 2005).…”

“…Distansen tilbakelagt som høgintensive løp og sprint auka med 24-35 % og 36-62 % i same periode (Bangsbo et al, 2006;Carling, Le Gall, & Dupont, 2012;Spencer, Bishop, Dawson, & Goodman, 2005). Til vår kjennskap eksisterer det kun ein studie som har undersøkt fysiske krav i norsk toppfotball (Ingebrigtsen et al, 2014). Studien viste ulik distanse tilbakelagt i ulike hastigheitskategoriane for ulike spelposisjonar samt at høgintensive løp og sprint (antal og tilbakelagt distanse) var lågare enn funn frå Premier League (Bradley et al, 2010;Bush et al, 2015) og Serie A (da Silva et al, 2010).…”

“…. Keeperane vart ekskludert frå studien grunna deira heilt saereigne fysiske forflyttingar (Ingebrigtsen et al, 2014;Stolen et al, 2005). Spelarane vart informert munnleg og skrifteleg om studien sitt formål, og studien var ikkje i strid med siste versjon av Helsinki-deklarasjonen eller Høgskulen i Sogn og Fjordane sine etisk retningslinjer.…”