Relationship of Age, Body Mass Index, Gravida, and Parity in Pregnant Women with the Incidence Preeclampsia

Abstract

Objective: According to the 2016 Routine Health Profile Report, the exact causes of maternal mortality are hypertension (33.07%) and bleeding (27%). The exact cause of preeclampsia is unknown and is therefore referred to as the “disease of theory”. This study aimed to determine the relationship between age, BMI, gravida and parity with preeclampsia. Methods: This cross-sectional, analytic observational study, conducted in Hasan Sadikin Hospital, Bandung. Subjects are pregnant women undergoing antenatal care at Hasan Sadikin Hospital Bandung, in May 2020 a total of 40 women with a gestational age of ≥ 20 weeks. The univariate and bivariate data were analyzed with SPSS. The Saphiro Wilk test was used to measure the data normality. The ANOVA one-way test and Fisher test were used to analyze the bivariate data. Results: Results show that of 19 samples with preeclampsia, 13 people (68.4%) were older than 35 years old with p-value of 0.042 which indicates a significant relationship. There is no significant difference between BMI, gravida, and parity, with the incidence of preeclampsia with p-value 0.602, 0.664, and 0.661 respectively. Conclusion: There is a relationship between mother’s age and the incidence of preeclampsia in Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital with p value = 0.042. This means older than 35 years old mothers have a tendency to develop preeclampsia.

Preeclampsia and the Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women in Indonesia: a Literature Review

“…A mother who gives birth too often doesn't get a chance to fix her own body because she needs enough energy to recover from the condition after giving birth to her child. The first parity is associated with the mother's lack of knowledge and experience in pregnancy care [36]. The safest parity is from 2 to 3, while the most risk is from 1 to 3.…”