Relationship between risk markers for cardiovascular disease and peri-implant diseases

Abstract

Background The aim of this paper is to explore the serum biochemical parameters also known as risk markers for cardiovascular system, in individuals who have received dental implant treatment, and to reveal risk factors for peri-implant diseases. Methods The study included 58 subjects with peri-implantitis, 49 subjects with peri-implant mucositis, and 49 healthy subjects. All the subjects were assessed in terms of both peri-implant clinical parameters—probing depth (PD), bleeding on probing (BOP), the type of prosthesis, gingival index (GI), keratinized mucosa width (KMW), and plaque index (PI)—and serum biochemical parameters (e.g., LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, triglyceride, total cholesterol, vitamin D, uric acid, white blood cell (WBC), neutrophil, hemoglobin (Hb), and platelet counts). Results KMW was the lowest in the peri-implantitis group. Compared with the other groups, the peri-implantitis group showed significantly higher levels of triglyceride, uric acid, and WBC. The peri-implantitis group had the lowest level of vitamin D. Triglyceride and uric acid levels had positive correlations with peri-implant clinical parameters. Conclusion High levels of triglyceride and uric acid may pose a risk for both peri-implant diseases and cardiovascular diseases. Prior to dental implant surgery, patients’ serum biochemical parameters should be checked.

The Impact of Peri-Implantitis on Systemic Diseases and Conditions: A Review of the Literature

“…Actually, serum inflammatory markers resulted higher in dogs with experimental peri-implantitis in another study by the same authors [ 39 ]. One recent human study reinforced this evidence, finding that common CVD markers such as triglycerides, uric acid, and white blood cells were significantly higher in patients with peri-implantitis [ 40 ].…”

“…Furthermore, another recent study [ 40 ] measured serum biochemical parameters that are known as CVD markers in patients affected by peri-implantitis, which resulted to show significantly higher levels of triglycerides, uric acid, and white blood cells as compared to healthy subjects or patients affected by peri-mucositis. They also had the lowest levels of vitamin D. The authors found a positive correlation between uric acid, triglyceride, and gingival index, pocket depth, bleeding on probing, and the amount of keratinized mucosa around the implants.…”

Peri‐implant crevicular fluid and serum levels of soluble ST2 in peri‐implant diseases: A pilot study

“…The relationship between cardiovascular diseases and periodontitis has been reported in many studies in the literature 5–7 . Due to pathophysiological similarities between peri‐implantitis and periodontitis, peri‐implantitis may also be associated with systemic inflammation and cardiovascular diseases 8,9 …”

New Ceramic Multi-Unit Dental Abutments with an Antimicrobial Glassy Coating

“…Apart from the already known collateral problems (metabolic syndrome (MetS), cardiovascular disease (CVD), Alzheimer’s disease, etc.) of peri-implant disease [ 16 , 17 , 18 ], very recently, the relationship between this disease and greater severity of COVID-19 has been reported [ 19 ]. Marouf et al [ 19 ] reported that patients with periodontitis are nine times more likely to die from COVID-19 than those without it.…”