Relationship Between Oxidative Stress and Bone Mass in Obesity and Effects of Berry Supplementation on Bone Remodeling in Obese Male Mice: An Exploratory Study

Abstract

Berry consumption can prevent bone loss. However, the effects of different berries with distinct anthocyanin composition have not been thoroughly examined. The present study compared the effects of blueberry, blackberry, and black currant on bone health using a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. To investigate the effect of different berry supplements against a high-fat (HF) diet in vivo, 40 HF diet-induced obese (DIO) C57BL mice were assigned into four groups and fed a HF diet (35% w/w) with or without berry supplementation for 12 weeks (n=10). We measured adipose tissue mass (epididymal and retroperitoneal), plasma antioxidant, bone-related biomarkers, femur bone mineral density (BMD), and bone mineral content (proximal and distal). Adipose masses were negatively correlated with proximal BMD, but positively associated with plasma superoxide dismutase (SOD) concentrations (P<.001). Berry supplementation did not change the plasma ferric reducing antioxidant power, SOD, and insulin-like growth factor-1. However, the black currant group exhibited greater plasma alkaline phosphatase compared with the control group (P<.05). BMD in the distal epiphysis was significantly different between the blueberry and blackberry group (P<.05). However, berry supplementation did not affect bone mass compared with control. The present study demonstrates a negative relationship between fat mass and bone mass. In addition, our findings suggest that the anthocyanin composition of berries will affect bone turnover, warranting further research to investigate the underlying mechanisms.

Blackcurrant Supplementation Improves Trabecular Bone Mass in Young but Not Aged Mice

“…Forty female C57BL/6J mice, 3 months old ( n = 20) and 18 months old ( n = 20), obtained from the National Institute on Aging (Bethesda, MD), were housed five per cage in a temperature- and humidity-controlled room in the Center for Laboratory Animal Care at the University of Connecticut. Female mice were selected as the animal model in order to draw comparisons with previous studies [ 16 , 17 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 ]. After a one-week acclimatization period, mice were randomized to consume either a standard chow diet (control) or a standard chow diet with 1% ( w / w ) anthocyanin-rich BC extract (experimental), provided by Just the Berries Ltd. (Palmerston North, New Zealand), ad libitum , resulting in four treatment groups (young control, young BC, aged control, aged BC) as shown in Figure 1 .…”

Novel treatment strategies for chronic kidney disease: insights from the animal kingdom

“…In addition, resveratrol preserves bone mass in old male rats (263), anthocyanins in berries increases serum alkaline phosphatase levels in obese male mice (264) and the anthocyanin delphinidin inhibits excessive osteoclastogenesis in a mouse model of osteoporosis (265). Notably, delphinidin also prevents muscle atrophy in mice (266) and lowers fasting glycaemia in prediabetic individuals (267).…”

Molecular Mechanism and Health Role of Functional Ingredients in Blueberry for Chronic Disease in Human Beings

“…Bone mineral density in the distal epiphysis was markedly different between blueberry and blackberry, and their anthocyanin composition will affect bone turnover [ 63 ]. The consumption of blueberries diet can prevent ovariectomy-induced bone loss in rats, its molecular mechanisms are promoted by myosin production which stimulates osteoblast differentiation and reduces interstitial cell senescence [ 98 ] (see Table 1 ).…”