Relationship between Higher Atherogenic Index of Plasma and Oxidative Stress of a Group of Patients Living with Sickle Cell Anemia in Cameroon

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is highly prevalent in sickle cell anemia (SCA) patients and is one of the major risk factors for cardiovascular diseases induced by oxidative stress in Africa. The aim of this research was to investigate the correlation between higher atherogenic index of plasma (API) and oxidative stress in a group of patients living with SCA in Cameroon. Methods. A group of 85 homozygote SS patients (male and female) were enrolled at the Central hospital of Yaounde in Cameroon between May and October 2017. After informed consent through the signature of a consent form was obtained, the plasma was collected to determine the lipid profile while the lysate solution of RBC was used to explore some markers of oxidative stress using spectrophotometric methods. Results. Among the 85 patients included in our study, the mean age was 30 ± 5 years and the female to male ratio was 0.97. The majority of the patients (52–81%) had dyslipidaemia, and 22.4% of the patients demonstrated a higher level of atherogenic index of plasma. The patients with a higher level of total cholesterol (TC) (>240 mg/dl) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) (>159 mg/dl) had at least 1,334 fold of malondialdeheyde (MDA) concentration than those with normal level. Also in the same patients, the higher atherogenic plasmatic index (API) significantly (p<0.05) increased with the concentration of MDA. Except HDL-C, the other parameters of lipid profile had significant (p<0.05) correlation with reduced glutathione (GsH) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC). The significant (p<0.05) and linear regression was found between the increased MDA and higher API. Conclusion. Dyslipidemia increases oxidative stress and higher API which leads to coronary vascular disease in patients with SCA.

Influence of Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Genetic Polymorphisms on the Clinical Severity of Hydroxyurea-Free Senegalese Children with Sickle Cell Anemia

“…Our study confirms the higher plasma concentrations of global oxidative stress markers (i.e., MDA and AOPP) observed in children with SCA compared to healthy AA controls [ 6 , 11 , 12 , 37 , 38 , 39 ]. MDA and AOPP result from polyunsaturated fatty acid peroxidation and advanced protein oxidation, respectively, and their excessive concentration may reflect reactive oxygen species (ROS) overproduction [ 40 ].…”

“Obesity and Insulin Resistance” Is the Component of the Metabolic Syndrome Most Strongly Associated with Oxidative Stress

“…According to our results, TAC is the OS parameter that shows the strongest correlation with “Dyslipidemia”. In another study, it was shown that in young adults (30 ± 5 years) with sickle cell anemia TC, LDL-C, and TG significantly correlated with TAC [ 53 ]. On the other hand, in a study involving patients with vitiligo and healthy volunteers, it was found that the TAC value was significantly lower in the study group, while in the same group, the mean values of TC, LDL-C, and HDL-C were significantly higher, with no significant difference in TG concentration [ 54 ].…”

Evaluation of Impact of Daily Laurus Nobilis Tea Consumption on the Lipid Profile and on the Increased Anti-Oxidant Activity In Healthy Volunteers

“…In general, only women have lower concentration of total antioxidant capacity compared to men although this effect is not signi cant. Comparable results were noted by Landry et al [58]. Similarly, Frank et al have shown a positive statistically signi cant relationship between age and SOD [59].…”