Relationship Between Hand-washing Habit and Toilet Use with Diarrhea Incidence in Children Under Five Years

Abstract

Diarrhea is still a public health problem in the world and the mostly occur in children under five years. At the moment the number of diarrhea-caused mortality was 3.8 per 1000 per year by 3.2 episodes per year in children under five years. This research aims to analyze the association between hand-washing habits and toilet use with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five years. This is an observational analytic with cross sectional study. Population of the research was a children's mother took her children to the public health center of Sekardangan Sidoarjo Subdistrict. The number of samples taken as many as 58 mother of children under five years. Data collection was done with interviews to parents of children and the observations of the toilets. Technique of data analysis using chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. On the results of the research there is a significant association the habit of hand washing (p = 0.006) and toilet use(p = 0.014) with the incidenceof diarrhea in children under five years. Conclusions of the research is the habit of hand washing and toilet use had a significant association with the incidenceof diarrhea in children under five years. Advice that can be given to the mother of a children under five years is to wash the hands before and after defecating and before preparing food for children. Keywords: diarrhea, hand washing, toilet use, observational, children under five years

The Protective Factor of Diarrhea Incidence in Toddler in Surabaya

“…Faktor risiko yang penyebab diare antara lain meliputi Sarana Air Bersih (SAB), sanitasi lingkungan, jamban, dan kondisi rumah (Rohmah & Syahrul, 2017). Beberapa faktor yang meningkatkan risiko diare menurut Mafazah (2013) antara lain ketersediaan sumber air bersih untuk personal hygiene dan keluarga, pembuangan tinja yang tidak benar, penyiapan dan penyimpanan makanan yang kurang layak, khususnya makanan pendamping ASI.…”

“…Prevalensi rasio kejadian diare terhadap perilaku cuci tangan ini adalah 0,10 dengan 95% CI. Hal ini berarti perilaku cuci tangan yang benar dengan air mengalir dan sabun adalah salah satu faktor protektif kejadian diare yang signifikan, sesuai dengan penelitian sebelumnya oleh Rohmah & Syahrul (2017) yang menyatakan bahwa 75,60% responden yang mencuci tangan dengan sabun tidak menderita diare. Penelitian oleh Nuryawati & Muwanir (2017) menyatakan bahwa 68,40% responden yang mencuci tangan dengan benar tidak menderita diare.…”

“…Upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk membasmi mikroorganisme penyebab penyakit hanya dengan mencuci tangan dengan menggunakan air saja tidak cukup. Penerapan perilaku hidup yang bersih dan sehat seperti mencuci tangan menggunakan sabun dapat menurunkan risiko penularan penyakit (Rohmah & Syahrul, 2017).…”

Mapping of Diarrhea in Toddlers with Open Defecation Free (ODF) Status in Tuban Regency

“…The agent factor is a causative factor that can support diseases such as an infectious microorganism, malabsorption factor due to ineffective and efficient absorption of food by the body, and food factor. Meanwhile, the environmental factor is a factor from the environment that can support a disease such as poor environmental sanitation conditions (8). The host, agent, and environment must be in a balanced state because there is no gap between the three factors.…”

“…The prevention of diarrhea is categorized into 3 categories: primary prevention, secondary prevention, and tertiary prevention (8). Primary prevention aims to eliminate the microorganisms, improve nutritional status, immunization, provision of clean water, defecate in the latrine, provide exclusive breast milk, and wash hands with soap.…”