Relationship between chronic hypoxia and seizure susceptibility

Abstract

Chronic hypobaric hypoxia in high-altitude areas can affect the functions of the heart, 1 cerebrovascular system, and respiratory system, impair cognition, accelerate the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, seriously affect the normal physiological function of body systems, and even cause systemic diseases. 2 Qinghai Province is located in northwestern China, with an average elevation of more than 3200 meters. Its natural hypobaric hypoxic environment provides a unique advantage for studying neurological diseases caused by chronic hypoxia. In recent years, with the increase in construction on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and the need for development in the western region of China, a large number of engineers, scholars, and other relevant personnel from low-altitude areas have entered the plateau, which is likely to cause prominent public health problems with regard to the neurological system in the plateau area of China.Therefore, the study of neurological diseases caused by chronic hypobaric hypoxic environments has broad prospects.To date, research investigating neurological diseases caused by chronic hypoxia in international academic research has mainly focuses on the fields of cerebrovascular diseases, brain cognitive function, and nervous system degenerative diseases. 3 However, few studies have investigated the relationship between chronic hypoxia and epilepsy. In addition, the treatment of epilepsy focuses on the control of symptoms after the onset of epilepsy, 4 and there is a lack of in-depth studies on the early prevention and treatment of epilepsy and the geographical characteristics of its onset. Acute hypoxia can lead to epileptic seizures, and its clinical manifestations

Relationship between right‐to‐left shunt, hypoxia, and epilepsy

“…Epilepsy is characterized by unprovoked seizures with manifestations of abnormally synchronized electrical activity due to neuronal hyperexcitability 8 . Previous studies have found that chronic hypoxia can cause higher neuronal excitability, which can lower the epileptic seizure threshold involved in the increase of seizure susceptibility and thus lead to the development of drug‐resistant epilepsy (DRE) 9 . Additionally, ictal hypoxemia is considered as one of the mechanisms underlying sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) 10 .…”

“…8 Previous studies have found that chronic hypoxia can cause higher neuronal excitability, which can lower the epileptic seizure threshold involved in the increase of seizure susceptibility and thus lead to the development of drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE). 9 Additionally, ictal hypoxemia is considered as one of the mechanisms underlying sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP). 10 However, the association between RLS and epilepsy has never been explored, and the blood oxygen level of patients with epilepsy (PWEs) with and without RLS has never been compared either.…”

Calcium Phosphate‐Based Nanoformulation Selectively Abolishes Phenytoin Resistance in Epileptic Neurons for Ceasing Seizures

“…Interestingly, increasing evidence collectively demonstrates that the hypoxic condition in epileptic neurons is a key feature with multifaceted impacts on neuronal activities and functions. [11] Hypoxia-inducible factor-1a (Hif1a) is a key transcription factor responsible for the regulation of oxygen homeostasis and the activations of multiple drug transporters. [12,13] It is rational to speculate that the hypoxic microenvironment in epileptic brain tissues may activate the Hif1a-Abcb1 signaling axis to express abundant P-gp.…”

Artemisinin Uygulamasının, Pentilentetrazol ile İndüklenen Farelerin Karaciğer ve Böbrek Dokusunda Total Oksidan/Antioksidan ve Oksidatif Stres İndeksi Üzerine Etkisinin Araştırılması

“…Epilepsy is one of the neurodegenerative diseases that affect people worldwide. This disease can increase the formation of free radicals with recurrent seizures (Xu and Fan 2022). In addition, it has been reported that in epilepsy, prolonged and recurrent seizures may cause lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial dysfunction in peripheral organs such as the liver and kidney, which are sensitive to oxidative stress (Dillioglugil et al 2010).…”