Relations Among Victimization, Witnessing, and Perpetration of Aggression: Impact of Gender Among Youth Offenders

Abstract

The participants included 251 (158 males; 93 females) youth offenders who were arrested and incarcerated in a juvenile facility in the Midwest United States. The aims were to assess (a) how often they were a victim, a witness, and/or a perpetrator of social aggression, simple assault, and aggravated assault during the past year; (b) to examine whether exposure (either witness or victim or both) predicted committing three types of aggressive behaviors; and (c) to assess the impact of gender among the youth offenders. Differential predictability models were utilized to assess gender differences. The findings revealed that gender was an important predictor. For example, females reported higher rates of being a witness, a victim, and a perpetrator of social aggression than did males. Moreover, female offenders committed simple assault more often than males and males committed aggravated assault more often than females. The general results suggest that it is important to examine the various forms of aggression, and exposure, as well as how gender affects these relationships.

The Association Among Parental Bonding, Depression, Social Aggression, and Criminal Assault: Are There Gender Differences Between Male and Female Youth Offenders?

“…Based on the participants’ official arrest record (Tisak et al, 2019), males were arrested for more crimes ( M = 18.71, SD = 13.51) than females ( M = 14.47, SD = 10.70), p < .05. However, there were no gender differences in the total number of arrests (males: M = 13.50, SD = 9.33; females: M =11.08, SD = 8.50).…”

“…A related purpose was to assess whether parental control and parental care affect social aggression and criminal assault differentially by gender. Past research suggests that it is essential to distinguish between moderate and violent aggression (Caprara et al, 2013; Caprara et al 2014; Paciello, Fida, Tramontano, Lupinetti, & Caprara, 2008; Tisak, Tisak, Baker, & Graupensperger, 2019; Tisak, Wichorek, & Tisak, 2011). In this study, we focused on three types of aggression: social aggression, simple assault, and aggravated assault.…”

The relationship of the type of alleged crime with self-esteem and depressive symptoms in juvenile delinquents

“…It was observed that when the referred subjects were grouped according to alleged crime types, there was no difference between groups in terms of age and gender; majority of them were male. It is reported in the literature that generally males commit more criminal offenses (10,23) and more offenses related with aggression and violent behavior (24). It is known that the most common ages of offenses are 14-16 years (10).…”

Weerbaar tegen geweld door aandacht voor gender

“…16 Echter, ook jongens die mishandeld zijn in hun jeugd hebben een grotere kans om later geweld te gebruiken. 17 Daarnaast laten meisjes en vrouwen gewelddadig gedrag ook nog op een andere manier zien. Zij gebruiken minder fysieke, maar meer sociale, indirecte agressie (denk aan roddelen, uitlachen, buitensluiten).…”