Relation of Adolescent Coitus to Cervical Cancer Risk

Rotkin, I. D.

doi:10.1001/jama.1962.03050070008002

“…Lombard and Potter (1950) suggested a greater susceptibility of immature tissue to excessive hormonal stimulation. Rotkin (1962) thought that a single application of some substance or particle donated by the male in one coital act, and to which the female is most susceptible in adolescence, appears sufficient for carcinogenic contamination. Dorn (1959) points out that it is not consistently true that the incidence rate of cervical cancer is higher for populations in which a high percentage of women marry under age 20.…”

Section: Occupational Classmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer of the uterine cervix in Aberdeenshire. Epidemiological aspects.

Aitken-Swan¹,

Baird²

1966

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IT is now generally accepted that cancer of the cervix is predominantly a disease of parous married women of middle age, particularly those who marry under age 20, who have had more than one partner and who are the wives of men in the loxver socio-economic groups. Numerous studies have confirmed these findings. The method used has usually been a comparison of patients and variously selected control groups. In the United Kingdom studies of the amount of the disease or its distribution in different population groups have generally been based on mortality statistics. These are subject to errors of certification; also, as treatment becomes more effective deaths will give an even less complete picture of incidence. Epidemiological studies of the incidence of cervical cancer are becoming possible as cancer registration improves its coverage but there is still little information on the number of women suffering from it and none on how these women compare in age at marriage and family size with the whole community of which they are a part.In Scotland less is known of the distribution of the different types of uterine cancer than in England and Wales due to the failure of many Scottish death certificates to specify the exact site of the disease. In England and Wales the proportion thus unspecified had been reduced to 5 per cent soon after 1950, the year when attempts were first made to differentiate between cancer of the cervix and corpus uteri in death certificates. In Scotland the proportion with site unspecified was still 27 per cent in 1964. We do not know, therefore, if mortality from cervical cancer, as for many other diseases, is higher in Scotland than in England and Wales or to what extent in Scotland it follows the pattern of higher rates in cities and sea-ports compared with smaller towns and rural areas. Knowledge of where the disease is most common, how much of it there is and which women are most at risk has a practical bearing on aetiology, prevention and control. Population and PatientsThe comparatively isolated character of North-East Scotland, a fairly static population and centralisation of treatment of cervical cancer in the city of Aberdeen have helped to ensure that practically all cases occurring in a defined area over a period of years (1944( -63 Aberdeen city, 1950 Aberdeen county) can be identified. A few patients seen at home by a gynaecologist might not be referred to a hospital at all because their lesion was too far advanced, but their

show abstract

“…Experimental animal studies can be cited to show that human smegma is carcinogenic in susceptible mice (Pratt-Thomas et al, 1956), thus providing a rationale for the concept that barrier contraceptives such as the diaphragm and condom are protective. Also, there is an increased rate of cervical carcinoma in prostitutes (R0jel, 1953), an increased frequency of coitus among women who develop cervical carcinoma (Terris and Oalmann, 1960;Boyd and Doll, 1964), an increased probability of carcinoma in women who first experience coitus at an early age (Rotkin, 1962), and virtually no cervical carcinoma in nuns (Gagnon, 1950).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Questions were included concerning five factors that were chosen as the most reliable and most important of those known to influence the prevalence rate of cervical carcinoma: age, ethnic origin, age at first pregnancy (as a reflection of early sexual experience), number of children born alive (as a reflection of the number of pregnancies), and net weekly family income (as a reflection of socioeconomic status) (Lombard and Potter, 1950;Wynder et al, 1954;Jones et al, 1958 ;Haenszel and Hillhouse, 1959;Terris and Oalmann, 1960;Rotkin, 1962;Rotkin and King, 1962;Boyd and Doll, 1964;Christopherson and Parker, 1965). It was felt that answers to direct questions about sexual experience, particularly age at first coitus, frequency of coitus, and number of different sexual partners would not be reliable, and that in this population the number of marital partners for each woman could not be estimated by the number of legal divorces and marriages.…”

Section: Collection Of Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence Rates of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma in situ for Women Using the Diaphragm or Contraceptive Oral Steroids

Melamed¹,

Koss²,

Flehinger³

et al. 1969

BMJ

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary: Study of the prevalence rates of uterine cervical carcinoma in situ among women attending centres of Planned Parenthood of New York City, Inc., showed a small but statistically significant difference between the population choosing and using the diaphragm and the population choosing and using oral steroids for contraception. This can be attributed either to. a decreased prevalence rate for women using the diaphragm or to an increased rate for women using oral steroids.

show abstract

“…Questions were included concerning five factors that were chosen as the most reliable and most important of those known to influence the prevalence rate of cervical carcinoma: age, ethnic origin, age at first pregnancy (as a reflection of early sexual experience), number of children born alive (as a reflection of the number of pregnancies), and net weekly family income (as a reflection of socioeconomic status) (Lombard and Potter, 1950;Wynder et al, 1954;Jones et al, 1958 ;Haenszel and Hillhouse, 1959;Terris and Oalmann, 1960;Rotkin, 1962;Rotkin and King, 1962;Boyd and Doll, 1964;Christopherson and Parker, 1965 …”

Section: Collection Of Clinical Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental animal studies can be cited to show that human smegma is carcinogenic in susceptible mice (Pratt-Thomas et al, 1956), thus providing a rationale for the concept that barrier contraceptives such as the diaphragm and condom are protective. Also, there is an increased rate of cervical carcinoma in prostitutes (R0jel, 1953), an increased frequency of coitus among women who develop cervical carcinoma (Terris and Oalmann, 1960;Boyd and Doll, 1964), an increased probability of carcinoma in women who first experience coitus at an early age (Rotkin, 1962), and virtually no cervical carcinoma in nuns (Gagnon, 1950).…”

Section: July 1969mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence Rates of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma in Situ for Women Using the Diaphragm or Contraceptive Oral Steroids

Melamed

¹

,

Koss

²

,

Flehinger

³

et al. 1970

Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary: Study of the prevalence rates of uterine cervical carcinoma in situ among women attending centres of Planned Parenthood of New York City, Inc., showed a small but statistically significant difference between the population choosing and using the diaphragm and the population choosing and using oral steroids for contraception. This can be attributed either to. a decreased prevalence rate for women using the diaphragm or to an increased rate for women using oral steroids.

show abstract

Relation of Adolescent Coitus to Cervical Cancer Risk

Cited by 59 publications

References 2 publications

Cancer of the uterine cervix in Aberdeenshire. Epidemiological aspects.

Cancer of the uterine cervix in Aberdeenshire. Epidemiological aspects.

Prevalence Rates of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma in situ for Women Using the Diaphragm or Contraceptive Oral Steroids

Prevalence Rates of Uterine Cervical Carcinoma in Situ for Women Using the Diaphragm or Contraceptive Oral Steroids

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About