Relaciones intrafamiliares y calidad de vida relacionada con la salud en adolescentes mexicanos que se autolesionan sin intención suicida

Abstract

OBJETIVO: determinar la existencia de asociación entre las relaciones intrafamiliares (RI) y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS) en adolescentes mexicanos que se autolesionan. MÉTODO: Diseño observacional y transversal. Participaron 545 adolescentes de ambos sexos, 58.17% mujeres y 14.49 ±1.7 de edad. Se utilizó la versión mexicana del ISSIQ-A, la E.R.I. y el KIDSCREEN-52. Se aplicaron modelos de regresión logística para determinar la asociación de las RI y la CVRS, ajustando por variables control. RESULTADOS: Alta unión y apoyo aumentó la posibilidad de CVRS superior con odds ratio (OR, IC95%) de 1.90 en bienestar psicológico y 2.33 en padres y vida familiar. Alta expresión se asoció a mayor posibilidad de CVRS superior en siete dominios con OR de 1.64 en recursos económicos hasta 5.89 en padres y vida familiar. Baja dificultad incrementó la posibilidad de CVRS superior en nueve dominios, con OR de 1.51 para bienestar psicológico hasta 3.08 en relación con los padres y vida familiar. CONCLUSIONES: Aun ajustando por variables de control, las RI se asocian a la CVRS en adolescentes mexicanos que se autolesionan. Se sugiere incluir las relaciones familiares en la evaluación y tratamiento.

Intrafamily relations and resilience as protectors against depressive symptoms in Mexican high school students

“…It is worth noting that, for both young men and women, the difficulties variable not only appeared in the regression models but was also second in relevance. Various findings agree that family conflicts are associated with depression in adolescents (Fosco & Lydon-Staley, 2019;Perales-Blum & Loredo, 2015), while a low perception of difficulties improves the mood and psychological well-being of Mexican adolescents (Chávez-Flores et al, 2018).…”

“…Consistent with this finding, Fosco & Lydon-Staley (2019) argued that family cohesion is negatively related to depression rates. Similarly, Morales Rodríguez and Rivera Alcántar (2012) found a negative correlation between the management of sadness and the union and support perceived by Mexican adolescents, and Chávez-Flores et al (2018) reported that family union and support increased psychological well-being in adolescents in Mexico.…”

“…It has been reported that in adolescent males, low communication between parents and children almost doubles the probability that the child will present depressive symptoms (Rivera-Rivera et al, 2015). Conversely, those who have a free space for the expression of emotions and feelings at home, both with their mother and father, seem to have fewer depressive symptoms (Betancourt Ocampo & Andrade Palos, 2012;Withers et al, 2016) along with an increase in their psychological well-being (Chávez-Flores et al, 2018). This idea contrasts with conservative gender roles, in which communication is privileged among young women and autonomy in young men is favored suggesting that a reevaluation of traditional notions would enrich the relationships between parents and their male children.…”

“…Previous studies have suggested that the quality of family relationships and resilience protect against emotional problems (Arslan, 2016). In addition, intrafamily relationships increase adolescentsʼ health (Chávez-Flores et al, 2018). Although it is not possible to establish a causal relationship at a correlational level, the increase in intrafamily relationships and the dimensions of resilience are associated with decreased depressive symptoms.…”

“…Furthermore, family cohesion and support (Fosco & Lydon-Staley, 2019;Anyan & Hjemdal, 2018;Morales Rodríguez & Rivera Alcántar, 2012), communication (Ioffe, Pittman, Kochanova, & Pabis, 2020), acceptance (Ruiz Cárdenas et al, 2020, expression of emotions and feelings (Betancourt Ocampo & Andrade Palos, 2012;Withers, McWey, & Lucier-Greer, 2016), and adequate general psychosocial functioning in the family (Pereira, Matos, Pinheiro, & Costa, 2016) have been found to have protective effects on depressive symptoms in adolescents. Thus, intrafamily relations are associated with adoles-centsʼ mental health (Chávez-Flores, Hidalgo-Rasmussen, & Muñoz Navarro, 2018).…”