Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in the Liver

Newgard, Christopher B.

doi:10.1002/0470862092.d0303

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 143 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Effectively, a net compensatory increase in β-oxidation flux (Fig.S2DE) and a decrease in glucose oxidation were seen in our mouse models (Fig.S2F). The fact that β-oxidation is known to play an important role in gluconeogenesis by providing NADH and ATP as energy sources, as well as acetyl-CoA which serves as an allosteric activator of PC enzyme activity (Newgard, 2004) support our conclusion. The decrease in glycolytic flux and glucose oxidation in SRC-1 -/- mice is suggests that these animals are striving to prevent lethal hypoglycemia during fasting.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

“…During fasting, hepatic glucose production is required to maintain blood sugar levels in a normal range, ensuring a sufficient supply of energy for the central nervous system (Roden et al, 2001). Shortly after food withdrawal, liver glycogen stores are depleted and gluconeogenesis becomes the main contributor to hepatic glucose production and survival (Newgard, 2004). The rate of gluconeogenic flux is controlled by the activities of key enzymes such as pyruvate carboxylase (PC), phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK), fructose-1, 6-bisphosphatase (FBP1) and glucose-6-phosphatase (G6Pase) (Granner and Pilkis, 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Coactivator SRC-1 Is an Essential Coordinator of Hepatic Glucose Production

et al. 2010

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Gluconeogenesis makes a major contribution to hepatic glucose production, a process critical for survival in mammals. In this study, we identify the p160 family member, SRC-1, as a key coordinator of the hepatic gluconeogenic program in vivo. SRC-1 null mice displayed hypoglycemia secondary to a deficit in hepatic glucose production. Selective re-expression of SRC-1 in the liver restored blood glucose levels to a normal range. SRC-1 was found induced upon fasting to coordinate in a cell-autonomous manner, the gene expression of rate-limiting enzymes of the gluconeogenic pathway. At the molecular level, the main role of SRC-1 was to modulate the expression and the activity of C/EBPα through a feed-forward loop in which SRC-1 used C/EBPα to transactivate pyruvate carboxylase, a crucial gene for initiation of the gluconeogenic program. We propose that SRC-1, acts as a novel and critical mediator of glucose homeostasis in the liver by adjusting the transcriptional activity of key genes involved in the hepatic glucose production machinery.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 80%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Coactivator SRC-1 Is an Essential Coordinator of Hepatic Glucose Production

et al. 2010

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…pathway-through the glyconeogenesis [1,2,13]. This might explain the differences found in the amino acid plasma levels within the diabetic and control group that, in general, would indicate that there is an increase in the bioavailability of glycogenic substrates in diabetic patients, even in basal conditions.…”

Section: Diabetes and Its Complicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acid Plasma Concentrations and Urinary Excretion in Young Diabetics

Durá-Travé¹,

Gallinas-Victoriano²,

Castell³

et al. 2018

Diabetes and Its Complications

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study is to analyze amino acid plasma profile in a group of young diabetics and to evaluate its application as markers of metabolic control of the disease, as well as to analyze the urinary excretion of amino acids in these patients. A clinical assessment and metabolic study (amino acid serum concentrations and urinary excretion of amino acids) was accomplished in a group of 49 children diagnosed with diabetes, and a group of 48 healthy children (control group). The plasma levels of total amino acids as well as branchedchain, glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group with respect to the control group. Total as well as branched-chain, glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids urinary levels were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group compared to the control group. The study of the amino acid plasma in the young diabetic reflect disturbances in protein/amino acid metabolism and, consequently, in metabolic control of the disease. The study of amino acid urinary excretion might have interest not only in the context of diabetic nephropathy, but also in the revealing of partial aspects of amino acid metabolism and, probably, in the metabolic control of the disease.

show abstract

“…In diabetes mellitus, the deficiency in insulin, and, in large part, the effects of the counter regulatory hormones would stimulate the synthesis of glucose -other than the glycogenolysis pathway-through the gluconeogenesis [1,2,8]. This might explain the differences found in the amino acid plasma levels within the diabetic and control group that, in general, would indicate that there is an increase in the bioavailability of glycogenic substrates in diabetic patients, even in basal conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amino Acid Plasma Profile in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Ahmed-Mohamed¹,

Gallinas-Victoriano²,

Malumbres-Chacón³

et al. 2020

JDMC

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Insulin deficiency inhibits protein synthesis and stimulates protein degradation, and therefore amino acid metabolism could be altered in diabetes mellitus. Objective: To analyze amino acid plasma profile in a group of children with type 1 diabetes, and to evaluate its potential application as a marker of metabolic control for the disease. Methods: A clinical assessment and metabolic study (amino acid plasma concentrations) was performed in a group of 49 children diagnosed with type 1 diabetes, aged 8.6 to 14.3 years, and a group of 48 healthy children (control group), aged 7.4 to 14.8 years. Results: Plasma concentrations of ARG, GLN, ILE, PHE, THR, TYR, VAL and TAU were significantly higher (p<0.05) within the diabetic group with respect to the control group. Likewise, plasma concentrations of branched-chain (347.65±58.76 vs. 285.20±45.20 nmol/ml), glucogenic (1252.74±236.82 vs. 1053.69±211.19 nmol/ml) and ketogenic amino acids (441.62±57.09 vs. 354.13±53.45 nmol/ml) were significantly higher (p< 0.05) in the diabetic group with respect to the control group. There was no correlation between the single amino acid (or amino acid groups) plasma levels and the evolution of the disease (years) or HbA1c levels. Conclusion: The study of changes in amino acid plasma profile in the young diabetic, probably as a consequence of insulinopenia, could have interest as a marker of metabolic control for the disease

show abstract

Regulation of Glucose Metabolism in the Liver

Cited by 5 publications

References 143 publications

The Coactivator SRC-1 Is an Essential Coordinator of Hepatic Glucose Production

The Coactivator SRC-1 Is an Essential Coordinator of Hepatic Glucose Production

Amino Acid Plasma Concentrations and Urinary Excretion in Young Diabetics

Amino Acid Plasma Profile in Children with Type 1 Diabetes

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About