Amino Acid Plasma Concentrations and Urinary Excretion in Young Diabetics

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze amino acid plasma profile in a group of young diabetics and to evaluate its application as markers of metabolic control of the disease, as well as to analyze the urinary excretion of amino acids in these patients. A clinical assessment and metabolic study (amino acid serum concentrations and urinary excretion of amino acids) was accomplished in a group of 49 children diagnosed with diabetes, and a group of 48 healthy children (control group). The plasma levels of total amino acids as well as branchedchain, glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group with respect to the control group. Total as well as branched-chain, glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids urinary levels were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the diabetic group compared to the control group. The study of the amino acid plasma in the young diabetic reflect disturbances in protein/amino acid metabolism and, consequently, in metabolic control of the disease. The study of amino acid urinary excretion might have interest not only in the context of diabetic nephropathy, but also in the revealing of partial aspects of amino acid metabolism and, probably, in the metabolic control of the disease.

Relationship between amino acid ratios and decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate in diabetic and non-diabetic patients in South Africa

“…Amino acid concentrations have been reported to decrease in diabetic groups, and this decrease is attributed to the conversion of these amino acids to glucose. 18 Our findings show that phenylalanine follows this trend, as its concentrations decreased from stage 1 to stage 4 of CKD.…”

Toxicokinetics of methylmercury in diabetic KK‐Ay mice and C57BL/6 mice

“…The cysteine concentration in plasma has been reported to be higher in obese individuals (Adams, 2011; Elshorbagy, Refsum, Smith, & Graham, 2009) and people with diabetes (Ogawa et al, 2017), which may explain the higher rate of MeHg transport in KK‐Ay mice. In contrast, plasma cysteine levels have been reported to be lower in patients with uncontrolled diabetes than in healthy individuals (Sekhar et al, 2011), and no significant differences in plasma cysteine concentrations were observed in another study of people with diabetes (Durá‐Travé, Gallinas‐Victoriano, Cortes‐Castell, & Moya‐Benavent, 2017). These contradictory findings may be attributable to patient characteristics or the sample size.…”

Profile of plasma free amino acids, carnitine and acylcarnitines, and JAK2v617f mutation as potential metabolic markers in children with type 1 diabetic nephropathy

“…Both alanine and arginine showed significantly positive correlations with serum creatinine and significant negative correlations with eGFR, with a lack of significant correlations with the albumin/ creatinine ratio. This could be explained by the fact that alanine is one of the most important glucogenic amino acids in the liver and kidneys (Durá-Travé et al, 2018). Therefore chronic uncontrolled DM is characterized by active gluconeogenesis and thus a greater burden on the kidneys and progression to diabetic nephropathy.…”