Regulation of cardiovascular health and disease by visceral adipose tissue‐derived metabolic hormones

Natarajan, Niranjana; Sadaf, Samreen; Florentin, Jonathan; Vasamsetti, Sathish Babu

doi:10.1113/jp282728

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 236 publications

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“…Up to now, studies on vWAT mainly focus on fat metabolism, inflammation, insulin resistance, and obesity 17 in light of the secretory function of vWAT including leptin, adiponectin, resistin, apelin, visfatin, omentin, chemerin, lipocalin, and the cytokines such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF) -α and interleukin (IL) -6 18 , 19 , 20 ( Table 1 ). However, the interaction between brain and vWAT and its underlying mechanisms have not been systematically discussed so far.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional communication between brain and visceral white adipose tissue: Its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease

Huang¹,

Wang²,

Xiang³

2022

eBioMedicine

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bidirectional communication between brain and visceral white adipose tissue: Its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease

Huang¹,

Wang²,

Xiang³

2022

eBioMedicine

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“… 28 Visceral fat can secrete lots of factors and cause continuous inflammatory response which accelerates coronary calcification. 29 In addition, adipose tissue can also be deposited around bone tissue causing bone metabolism disorder and inhibiting bone formation. 30 Therefore, we investigated the level of CACs and BMD in T2DM patients with different VFA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association Between Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Bone Mineral Density in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Different Visceral Fat Area

Yang¹,

Zhang²,

Ye³

et al. 2022

DMSO

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Purpose The relationship between coronary artery calcification and bone mineral density (BMD) in T2DM is still unclear. The aim of this study is to analyze the association between coronary artery calcium score (CACs) and BMD in T2DM with different visceral fat area (VFA), and further to explore the clinical significance of CACs in predicting osteoporosis in T2DM patients. Patients and Methods A total of 479 T2DM patients aged ≥50 years were included. Agatston was applied to calculate CACs to evaluate the degree of coronary artery calcification. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) was used to measure BMD. According to VFA, all subjects were divided into VFA <100cm 2 and VFA ≥100cm 2 group. Adjusted regression analysis was performed to analyze the association between CACs and BMD. ROC curve was used to analyze the optimal cut-off value of CACs for screening osteoporosis. Results The baseline showed that in VFA ≥100cm 2 group, CACs increased significantly than that in VFA <100cm 2 group (212.1±195.9 vs 139.3±141.8, p <0.001) and total hip BMD decreased obviously (0.968±0.19 vs 1.021±0.184, p =0.01). After multivariable adjustment, CACs was not significantly associated with BMD in all patients ( p >0.05). However, CACs was negatively associated with BMD of total hip and lumbar spine in patients with VFA ≥100cm 2 (total hip β=−0.087 p =0.01; lumbar spine β=−0.052 p =0.005), but not VFA <100cm 2 . ROC curve analysis showed that the optimal cut-off value of CACs for screening osteoporosis was 191.505. Conclusion The present study implied that associations between CACs and BMD varied by the visceral fat deposition. It is critical to evaluate the condition of visceral fat accumulation for exploring the complex interplay of coronary artery calcification and BMD in T2DM patients. It may be of some clinical value for CACs in predicting osteoporosis in T2DM with visceral obesity.

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“…Adipocytokines such as omentin and adiponectin, which are secreted from visceral adipose tissues (VATs), have anti-inflammatory functions. They can regulate the production of nitric oxide (NO) in endothelial cells and inhibit vascular calcification to prevent atherogenesis and inflammation [ 30 ]. In contrast, the expression of resistin and TNF-α contributes to insulin resistance in obesity and T2D.…”

Section: Obesity Its Comorbidities and Associated Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity

2022

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Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by the abnormal or excessive accumulation of body fat, affecting more than 1 billion people worldwide. Obesity is commonly associated with other metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, cardiovascular diseases, chronic kidney disease, and cancers. Factors such as a sedentary lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, and other environmental and genetic conditions can cause obesity. Many molecules and signaling pathways are involved in the pathogenesis of obesity, such as nuclear factor (NF)-κB, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), adhesion molecules, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), programmed cell death 1 (PD-1)/programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1), and sirtuin 1 (SIRT1). Commonly used strategies of obesity management and treatment include exercise and dietary change or restriction for the early stage of obesity, bariatric surgery for server obesity, and Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved medicines such as semaglutide and liraglutide that can be used as monotherapy or as a synergistic treatment. In addition, psychological management, especially for patients with obesity and distress, is a good option. Gut microbiota plays an important role in obesity and its comorbidities, and gut microbial reprogramming by fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), probiotics, prebiotics, or synbiotics shows promising potential in obesity and metabolic syndrome. Many clinical trials are ongoing to evaluate the therapeutic effects of different treatments. Currently, prevention and early treatment of obesity are the best options to prevent its progression to many comorbidities.

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Regulation of cardiovascular health and disease by visceral adipose tissue‐derived metabolic hormones

Abstract: support-information-section).

Cited by 18 publications

References 236 publications

Bidirectional communication between brain and visceral white adipose tissue: Its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease

Bidirectional communication between brain and visceral white adipose tissue: Its potential impact on Alzheimer's disease

Association Between Coronary Artery Calcium Score and Bone Mineral Density in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus with Different Visceral Fat Area

The Related Metabolic Diseases and Treatments of Obesity

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