Regulated nuclear targeting of cauliflower mosaic virus

Karsies, Aletta; Merkle, Thomas; Szurek, Boris; Bonas, Ulla; Höhn, Thomas; Leclerc, Denis

doi:10.1099/0022-1317-83-7-1783

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…In the first phase of replication, the virus particles dock to nuclear pores via a nuclear localization signal which is close to the N-terminus of the CP (Karsies et al, 2002). The transcription phase occurs in the nucleus and the reverse transcription phase in the cytoplasm.…”

Section: Replication Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of Plant Viruses

Hull

2014

Plant Virology

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Section: Replication Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Replication of Plant Viruses

Hull

2014

Plant Virology

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“…The supernatant was then submitted to 12 % SDS-PAGE according to Laemmli (1970) and separated proteins were transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. Detection of P2 and coat protein was performed with specific antisera that were described by Blanc et al (1993) and Karsies et al (2002), respectively.…”

Section: Infectivity Of Camv Mutants and Stability Of Mutationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Splicing of Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA serves to downregulate a toxic gene product

Froissart

Uzest

Ruiz‐Ferrer

et al. 2004

Journal of General Virology

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Alternative splicing usually leads to an increase in the number of gene products that can be derived from a single transcript. Here, a different and novel use of alternative splicing -as a means to control the amount of a potentially toxic gene product in the plant pararetrovirus Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) -is reported. About 70 % of the CaMV 35S RNA, which serves as a substrate for both reverse transcription and polycistronic mRNA, is spliced into four additional RNA species. Splicing occurs between four donor sites -one in the 59 untranslated region and three within open reading frame (ORF) I -and one unique acceptor site at position 1508 in ORF II. A previous study revealed that the acceptor site is vital for CaMV infectivity and expression of ORFs III and IV from one of the spliced RNA species suggested that splicing may facilitate expression of downstream CaMV ORFs. However, it is shown here that deleting the splice acceptor site and replacing ORF II with a cargo ORF that lacks splice acceptor sites does not interfere with virus proliferation. Furthermore, it is demonstrated that whenever P2 cannot accumulate in infected tissues, the splice acceptor site at position 1508 is no longer vital and has little effect on virus replication. This suggests that the vital role of splicing in CaMV is regulation of P2 expression and that P2 exhibits biological properties that, whilst indispensable for virus-vector interactions, can block in planta virus infection if this regulation is abolished.

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“…Like all viruses, CaMV also interacts with numerous host proteins that are required for various steps of the infection cycle. A plethora of cell structures and pathways are hijacked by CaMV: for example, nuclear targeting mechanisms (Karsies et al 2002), histone regulation (Kawata et al 1989), transcription and translation machinery (for example Rüth et al 1994;Park et al 2001) and plasmodesmata (Amari et al 2010). In addition, the plant defence pathways, including silencing machinery, are also manipulated by CaMV (for example Love et al 2005;Haas et al 2008;Shivaprasad et al 2008).…”

Section: Transmission Modesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Host cell processes to accomplish mechanical and non-circulative virus transmission

et al. 2011

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Mechanical vector-less transmission of viruses, as well as vector-mediated non-circulative virus transmission, where the virus attaches only to the exterior of the vector during the passage to a new host, are apparently simple processes: the viruses are carried along with the wind, the food or by the vector to a new host. We discuss here, using the examples of the non-circulatively transmitted Cauliflower mosaic virus that binds to its aphid vector's exterior mouthparts, and that of the mechanically (during feeding activity) transmitted Autographa californica multicapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus, that transmission of these viruses is not so simple as previously thought. Rather, these viruses prepare their transmission carefully and long before the actual acquisition event. Host-virus interactions play a pivotal and specialised role in the future encounter with the vector or the new host. This ensures optimal propagation and enlarges the tremendous bottleneck transmission presents for viruses and other pathogens.

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Regulated nuclear targeting of cauliflower mosaic virus

Cited by 34 publications

References 40 publications

Replication of Plant Viruses

Replication of Plant Viruses

Splicing of Cauliflower mosaic virus 35S RNA serves to downregulate a toxic gene product

Host cell processes to accomplish mechanical and non-circulative virus transmission

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