Host cell processes to accomplish mechanical and non-circulative virus transmission

Bak, Aurélie; Irons, Sarah L.; Martinière, Alexandre; Blanc, Stéphane; Drucker, Martin

doi:10.1007/s00709-011-0328-8

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…In addition to viral factories, plant viruses may cause the production of other types of inclusions. Microtubules play a role in the formation of specific electron-lucent inclusion bodies (ElIBs) that are formed in addition to electron-dense inclusion bodies (EdIBs) during infection with CaMV, and which function in the plant-to-plant transmission of the virus by aphids (Figure 8; Bak et al, 2012;Khelifa et al, 2007;Martiniere et al, 2009a). The uptake of the virus by aphids depends on the formation of a transmissible complex that is composed of the virus particle, virus particleassociated P3 and the helper protein/aphid transmission factor P2.…”

Section: Role Of Microtubules In Virus Transmission By Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The ElIB forms as a single body in the infected cell that may be related to an aggresome. To facilitate virus uptake by aphids, the ElIB has been proposed to burst open and thus to distribute the transmissible complex in the cell (Bak et al, 2012). Indeed, recent studies have shown that the ElIB or 'transmission body' (TB) reacts instantly to the presence of the aphid vector by a rapid and reversible redistribution of its components, including virus particles, onto microtubules and throughout the cell (Martini ere et al, 2013).…”

Section: Role Of Microtubules In Virus Transmission By Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microtubules in viral replication and transport

et al. 2013

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SUMMARYViruses use and subvert host cell mechanisms to support their replication and spread between cells, tissues and organisms. Microtubules and associated motor proteins play important roles in these processes in animal systems, and may also play a role in plants. Although transport processes in plants are mostly actin based, studies, in particular with Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and its movement protein (MP), indicate direct or indirect roles of microtubules in the cell-to-cell spread of infection. Detailed observations suggest that microtubules participate in the cortical anchorage of viral replication complexes, in guiding their trafficking along the endoplasmic reticulum (ER)/actin network, and also in developing the complexes into virus factories. Microtubules also play a role in the plant-to-plant transmission of Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) by assisting in the development of specific virus-induced inclusions that facilitate viral uptake by aphids. The involvement of microtubules in the formation of virus factories and of other virus-induced inclusions suggests the existence of aggresomal pathways by which plant cells recruit membranes and proteins into localized macromolecular assemblies. Although studies related to the involvement of microtubules in the interaction of viruses with plants focus on specific virus models, a number of observations with other virus species suggest that microtubules may have a widespread role in viral pathogenesis.

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Section: Role Of Microtubules In Virus Transmission By Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Role Of Microtubules In Virus Transmission By Insectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microtubules in viral replication and transport

et al. 2013

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“…Whereas non-viral pathogens are known to allocate resources for the production of transmission-specific morphs (discussed in Matthews, 2011), surprisingly little is known for this mechanism regarding viruses (for review see Blanc et al, 2011). Some viruses are transmitted vertically to host offspring and others are transmitted by contact between hosts (e.g., by wind, water or physical contact), but most viruses rely on vectors for rapid proliferation within host populations (for review see Kuno and Chang, 2005; Blanc et al, 2011; Bak et al, 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A virus responds instantly to the presence of the vector on the host and forms transmission morphs

Martinière¹,

Bak²,

Macia³

et al. 2013

eLife

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Many plant and animal viruses are spread by insect vectors. Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) is aphid-transmitted, with the virus being taken up from specialized transmission bodies (TB) formed within infected plant cells. However, the precise events during TB-mediated virus acquisition by aphids are unknown. Here, we show that TBs react instantly to the presence of the vector by ultra-rapid and reversible redistribution of their key components onto microtubules throughout the cell. Enhancing or inhibiting this TB reaction pharmacologically or by using a mutant virus enhanced or inhibited transmission, respectively, confirming its requirement for efficient virus-acquisition. Our results suggest that CaMV can perceive aphid vectors, either directly or indirectly by sharing the host perception. This novel concept in virology, where viruses respond directly or via the host to the outside world, opens new research horizons, that is, investigating the impact of ‘perceptive behaviors’ on other steps of the infection cycle.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.00183.001

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“…This virus forms specialized viral transmission bodies (TB) in the cytoplasm of infected plant cells that are required for transmission (reviewed in refs. 31 and 33). The TB contains among others the viral protein P2 that links the CaMV particles to a receptor localized in the aphid stylets (Fig.…”

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confidence: 98%

Early interactions during the encounter of plants, aphids and arboviruses

Bak

Martinière

Blanc

et al. 2013

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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Aphids infest many plants and cause damage by depriving them of nutrients and by transmitting many viral diseases. Aphid infestation and arbovirus transmission are controlled by establishment (or not) of a compatible reaction between the insects and the plants. This reaction is the result of defense reactions of the plant and counter-defense reactions of the parasite. Contrarily to plant-bacteria, plant-fungi and plant-herbivorous insects pathosystems, the plant-aphid pathosystem is understudied, although recent advances have begun to uncover some of its details. Especially the very early steps in plant-aphid interactions are hardly known. We here resume the present knowledge of these interactions. We discuss further how an aphid-transmitted plant virus that is transmitted during the first moments of the plant-aphid encounter, might help to study the very early plant aphid interactions.

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Host cell processes to accomplish mechanical and non-circulative virus transmission

Cited by 8 publications

References 71 publications

Microtubules in viral replication and transport

Microtubules in viral replication and transport

A virus responds instantly to the presence of the vector on the host and forms transmission morphs

Early interactions during the encounter of plants, aphids and arboviruses

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