Regenerative capability of dental pulp cells after crown fracture

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of dental pulp cells for tissue engineering derived from the fractured incisal portion of tooth crowns. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were used for histological and immunohistochemical analysis of nestin protein expression and to measure levels of mRNAs encoding osteocalcin, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein (BSP), dentin sialoprotein (DSP), heat shock protein (HSP) 27, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), ATP-binding cassette transporter G2 (ABCG2), nestin, and p57(Kip2) . Odontoblasts at the incisal portion in the control group were oriented in a regular pattern, but those in the experimental group were randomly stratified. Immunohistochemically, only a few odontoblasts were positive for nestin at the incisal portion in the experimental group at 2 days. Some cells in the inner area in the control group were positive for nestin, but nestin-positive cells in the experimental group at the incisal portion were not observed. The mRNA expression for osteogenic or odontogenic markers in the experimental group was higher than in the control group. HSP27 mRNA expression in the experimental group at 2 days was higher than in the control group and in the experimental group at 7 days. mRNA expression of stem cell markers, such as ABCG2 and nestin, in the experimental group tended to decrease compared with the control. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that dental pulp stem cells derived from fractured teeth differentiate to osteogenic or odontogenic cells.

Evaluation of dentinogenesis inducer biomaterials: an in vivo study

“…The counterstaining was performed with hematoxylin. The objective of this staining was the mineralization assessment by DSP production after the treatments with the biomaterials 19 , 22 , 23 . A third staining technique was also performed to detect calcium deposits formed by staining with Alizarin Red S. The solution Alizarin Red S at a 40 mM concentration was used.…”

Interactions between osteopontin and vascular endothelial growth factor: Implications for skeletal disorders

“…Dental pulp cells may differentiate into osteogenic or odontogenic cells after tooth injury, such as crown fracture, because their expression of VEGF and OPN, along with osteocalcin and HSP27, is increased [77]. Mechanical stress on the teeth may cause periods of hypoxia with ensuing apoptosis in cementoblasts.…”

Side Population: Its Use in the Study of Cellular Heterogeneity and as a Potential Enrichment Tool for Rare Cell Populations

“…The expression of the ABCG2 gene is evident in human DPCs cultured in keratinocyte growth medium [9, 64], and the rate of mRNA and protein expression has been shown to increase in human cultured DPCs under ischemic culture conditions [65]. However, in rat dental pulps, ABCG2 mRNA expression was decreased after tooth fracture induction, possibly due to the differentiation of stem cells following this insult [66]. Even though SP cells of the dental pulp have been described as a homogenous population [39], their heterogeneous nature is becoming apparent and needs to be elucidated.…”