Evaluation of dentinogenesis inducer biomaterials: an in vivo study

Abstract

Evaluation of dentinogenesis inducer biomaterials: an in vivo study When exposure of the pulp to external environment occurs, reparative dentinogenesis can be induced by direct pulp capping to maintain pulp tissue vitality and function. These clinical situations require the use of materials that induce dentin repair and, subsequently, formation of a mineralized tissue. Objective: This work aims to assess the effect of tricalcium silicate cements and mineral trioxide aggregate cements, including repairing dentin formation and inflammatory reactions over time after pulp exposure in Wistar rats. Methodology: These two biomaterials were compared with positive control groups (open cavity with pulp tissue exposure) and negative control groups (no intervention). The evaluations were performed in three stages; three, seven and twenty-one days, and consisted of an imaging (nuclear medicine) and histological evaluation (H&E staining, immunohistochemistry and Alizarin Red S). Results: The therapeutic effect of these biomaterials was confirmed. Nuclear medicine evaluation demonstrated that the uptake of 99m Tc-Hydroxymethylene diphosphonate (HMDP) showed no significant differences between the different experimental groups and the control, revealing the nonoccurrence of differences in the phosphocalcium metabolism. The histological study demonstrated that in mineral trioxide aggregate therapies, the presence of moderate inflammatory infiltration was found after three days, decreasing during follow-ups. The formation of mineralized tissue was only verified at 21 days of follow-up. The tricalcium silicate therapies demonstrated the presence of a slight inflammatory infiltration on the third day, increasing throughout the follow-up. The formation of mineralized tissue was observed in the seventh follow-up day, increasing over time. Conclusions: The mineral trioxide aggregate (WhiteProRoot ® MTA) and tricalcium silicate (Biodentine™) present slight and reversible inflammatory signs in the pulp tissue, with the formation of mineralized tissue. However, the exacerbated induction of mineralized tissue formation with the tricalcium silicate biomaterial may lead to the formation of pulp calcifications

Electrospun poly(l‐lactide) nanofibers coated with mineral trioxide aggregate enhance odontogenic differentiation of dental pulp stem cells

“…During injury, DPSC are induced into odontoblasts that start to produce reparative dentin 20 . This fact has been confirmed in several recent studies in which MTA placement on the vital pulp tissue resulted in differentiation of odontoblast‐like cells 21‐23 . After pulp capping procedure, the formation of reparative dentin is highly desired and the success of the treatment is directly proportional to the nature and quality of the new mineralized tissue 24 .…”

“…20 This fact has been confirmed in several recent studies in which MTA placement on the vital pulp tissue resulted in differentiation of odontoblast-like cells. [21][22][23] After pulp capping procedure, the formation of reparative dentin is highly desired and the success of the treatment is directly proportional to the nature and quality of the new mineralized tissue. 24 In the present work, DPSC was used to simulate the native pulp microenvironment in which their proliferation, migration and odontogenic differentiation are influenced by pulp capping materials.…”

Application of an Ultrasound Semi-Quantitative Assessment in the Degradation of Silk Fibroin Scaffolds In Vivo

“…There is still a lack of uniform and effective standards and test evaluation methods to evaluate the biodegradability of SF materials. For the in vivo evaluation of biological materials, descriptive observations from histological sections are currently used [9][10][11][12], which are qualitative methods. In addition, most of the methods that are currently used for degrading SF materials involve invasive tests [13,14], which are not suitable for living organisms.…”

Application of an ultrasound semi-quantitative assessment in the degradation of silk fibroin scaffolds in vivo

“…There is still a lack of uniform and effective standards and test evaluation methods to evaluate the biodegradability of SF materials. For the in vivo evaluation of biological materials, descriptive observations from histological sections are currently used [ 9 – 12 ], which are qualitative methods. In addition, most of the methods that are currently used for degrading SF materials involve invasive tests [ 13 , 14 ], which are not suitable for living organisms.…”