Refractive Status in Nepalese Pre-Term and Full-Term Infants Early in Life

Uprety, Samir; Morjaria, Priya; Shrestha, Jyoti Baba; Khanal, Safal

doi:10.1097/opx.0000000000001118

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(59 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Therefore, infants exhibit rapid changes of the refractive states in the first few months of life after premature birth. Although it has been reported that there was a significant difference in astigmatism, and anisometropia between full-term and preterm infants without ROP by 6 months of age, 24 in our study, the astigmatism and anisometropia were not related at 40 months of age. The reason for this is thought to be that the refractive error and most ocular components displayed an early exponential phase of rapid development during the first 1-2 years of life.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Birth weight and refractive state measured by Spot Vision Screener in children aged 40 months

Tatara

Ishii

Nogami³

2021

BMJ Open Ophth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectivesChildren with retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) often have myopia. Even without ROP, birth weight and refractive state are related immediately after birth, but this relationship is reduced with increasing age. Here, we examined whether refractive state and birth weight were associated in 40-month-old children.Methods and analysisOf 541 children aged 40 months in Tsubame City, Japan, who underwent a medical examination between April 2018 and March 2019, this cross-sectional study enrolled 411 whose birth weights were available (76% of all).We measured the non-cycloplegic refraction using a Spot Vision Screener and correlated this with birth weight. Children were divided into three groups according to normal (2500–3500 g), high (>3500 g) or low (<2500 g) birth weights, and mean differences in spherical equivalent (SE) between the groups were analysed.ResultsThe average SE for the right eye was 0.34 D (95% CI 0.28 to 0.40). Average birth weight was 3032.1 g (95% CI 2990.2 to 3073.9). Birth weight did not correlate with SE for the right eye (Pearson’s correlation, r=−0.015, p=0.765) or with the degree of anisometropia (Pearson’s correlation, r=−0.05, p=0.355). Furthermore, the mean SE showed no significant difference across the three groups of children with different birth weights (one-way analysis of variance, p=0.939).ConclusionData on refractive states and birth weight for 411 children of similar age in one Japanese city were analysed, showing that birth weight did not influence SE, J0, J45 and the absolute degree of anisometropia at about 40 months of age.

show abstract

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 95%

Birth weight and refractive state measured by Spot Vision Screener in children aged 40 months

Tatara

Ishii

Nogami³

2021

BMJ Open Ophth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Our results indicate that clinically stable pre-term infants may have altered emmetropization [27] since a higher number of preterm infants demonstrated myopic refractive errors than their full-term peers. This finding is consistent with previous studies that suggest children born preterm are at a higher risk of developing myopia [28][29][30]. With regard to the VEP parameters, pre-term infants had relatively prolonged and diminished VEPs than their full-term counterparts.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Flash VEP in clinically stable pre-term and full-term infants

et al. 2020

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose Pre-term infants are at risk of abnormal visual development that can range from subtle to severe. The aim of this study was to compare flash VEPs in clinically stable pre-term and full-term infants at 6 months of age. Methods Twenty-five pre-term and 25 full-term infants underwent flash VEP testing at the age of 6 months. Monocular VEPs were recorded using flash goggles on a RETIscan system under normal sleeping conditions. Amplitude and peak time responses of the P2 component in the two eyes were averaged and compared between the two groups. Multiple regression analyses were performed to assess the relationship of the P2 responses with birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA). Results At 6 months corrected age, pre-term infants had significantly delayed P2 peak times than full-term infants (mean difference: 10.88 [95% CI 4.00-17.76] ms, p = 0.005). Pre-term infants also showed significantly reduced P2 amplitudes as compared to fullterm infants (mean difference: 2.36 [0.83-3.89] lV, p = 0.003). Although the regression model with GA and BW as fixed factors explained 20% of the variance in the P2 peak time (F 2,47 = 5.98, p = .0045), only GA showed a significant negative relationship (b =-2.66, p = .003). Neither GA (b = 0.21, p = .28) nor BW (b = 0.001, p = .32) showed any relationship with P2 amplitude. Conclusions Our results demonstrate that, compared with full-term infants, clinically stable pre-term infants exhibit abnormal flash VEPs, with a delay in P2 peak time and a reduction in P2 amplitude. These findings support a potential dysfunction of the visual pathway in clinically stable pre-term infants as compared to full-term infants.

show abstract

“…After that, the mean dioptric value gradually and continuously declined by 6 months of PA. at 6 months of PA, the SE was + 2.00 ± 0.17D in NC group and + 2.08 ± 0.23D in IVF group. Uprety S [14] found the SE in the pre-term infants was + 0.84 ± 1.72D at birth, however, there was a shift toward myopia at 6 months of age (SE = -0.33 ± 1.95D), which was quite different from ours. Shu-Juan Yu [15] studied the evolution of the refractive status in a large sample size in China and found the refractive state reached the top (+ 2.43 ± 1.46 D) at the age of one to two months.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 92%

Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception

Lao¹,

Mao²,

Liu³

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: To evaluate the effects of IVF on the development of the refractive system in premature infants from 36 weeks to 6 months of postmenstrual age. Methods: Premature infants were examined respectively at 36 weeks, 40 weeks, 44 weeks, 48 weeks, 52 weeks and 6 months of postmenstrual age. Spherical equivalent, biometric values and central corneal thickness were measured. These parameters were compared between premature infants conceived by IVF or naturally, and the relationship between these parameters were evaluated. Results: A total of 899 premature infants were recruited. Infants born by IVF had a higher rate of oxygen therapy than which in the NC group (P = 0.04). The multiple pregnancy ratio in the IVF group was 83.4%, significantly higher than which in the NC group (p<0.001). ROP developed in 126 of the 754 infants (16.7%) in the NC group and in 35 of the 145 (24.1%) infants in the IVF group (p=0.03). With the increase of PA, the ACD (r=0.67, p<0.0001), LT (r=0.19, p<0.0001), VT (r=0.80, p<0.0001) and AL (r=0.85, p<0.0001) increased while CCT (r=-0.39, p<0.0001) thinned. The refractive state had a hyperopic shift until 44 weeks of postmenstrual age (r=0.38, p<0.0001). then the mean dioptric value continuously declined by 6 months of PA (r=-0.32, p<0.0001). There was no statistically significant difference in these parameters between the NC group and IVF group (p>0.05). The percentage of ACD (r=0.326, p<0.0001) and VT (r=0.248, p<0.0001) in AL were positively correlated with PA, while the percentage of LT (r=-0.415, p<0.0001) in AL was negatively correlated with PA. Before 44 weeks of PA, SE was positively correlated with ACD (r=0.08, p<0.01) and AL (r=0.09, p<0.01). After 44 weeks of PA, it was negatively correlated with ACD (r=-0.23, p<0.0001), VT (r=-0.35, p<0.0001) and AL (r=-0.41, p<0.01). Conclusions: The percentage of ACD and VT in AL increased, the percentage of LT in AL decreased with the early ocular development. IVF does not affect ocular growth from 36 weeks to 6 months of PA.

show abstract

Refractive Status in Nepalese Pre-Term and Full-Term Infants Early in Life

Abstract: Pre-term infants who do not develop ROP show a trend toward increasing myopia and demonstrate greater astigmatism and anisometropia than full-term infants in their first 6 months of life.

Cited by 9 publications

References 42 publications

Birth weight and refractive state measured by Spot Vision Screener in children aged 40 months

Birth weight and refractive state measured by Spot Vision Screener in children aged 40 months

Flash VEP in clinically stable pre-term and full-term infants

Ocular Growth and Refractive Status Development in Premature Infants Conceived by In Vitro Fertilization or Natural Conception

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About