Refractive index and density in F- and Cl-doped silica glasses

Abstract

The refractive index and density of fluorine- and chlorine-doped silica glasses were measured as functions of fictive temperature. The halogen concentrations were observed to have a refractive index or density that is independent of the fictive temperature were found. This implies that these properties are not affected by any heat-treatment conditions.

Refractive index and density changes in silica glass by halogen doping

“…Summarizing the result, the halogen dopants are effective elements for changing not only n and q but also their T f dependences. The presence of a concentration where dn/dT f or dq/dT f is zero suggests that by adjusting halogen concentrations, n or q of silica glass becomes independent of any heat-treatment temperature [19].…”

Energy transfer up-conversion in Tm3+-doped silica fiber

“…The concentration in at/m 3 was converted into ppm mol assuming that the silica density is 2.2 [13].…”

Doping effects in amorphous oxides

“…9) The first one is a conventional route. The chemical compounds of transition metal, 10) rare earth (RE), 11) and halogen 12) are incorporated into the starting raw materials. On the other hand, positively charged atoms are inserted by ion implantation under a non-equilibrium condition; i.e., they are embedded in interstitial positions of the target materials.…”