Reflections on a Science and Technology Agenda for 21st Century Disaster Risk Reduction

Aitsi-Selmi, Amina; Murray, Virginia; Wannous, Chadia; Dickinson, Chloe; Johnston, David; Kawasaki, Akiyuki; Stevance, Anne Sophie; Yeung, Tiffany

doi:10.1007/s13753-016-0081-x

Cited by 156 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 32 publications

(34 reference statements)

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“…Several authors have analyzed the global progress and opportunities of DRR with major science and technology input (Calkins 2015;Aitsi-Selmi et al 2016;Dickinson et al 2016). Calkins (2015) found that most of the surveyed countries promoted research and practitioner engagement; increased technology transfer mechanisms; advocated open data access; communicated usable evidence and user's needs; expanded education and training; and, lastly, promoted international cooperation.…”

Section: Future Emphasis and Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As a follow-up activity, Integrated Research for Disaster Risk (IRDR), along with its partners, has started the process of developing a multistakeholder science and technology plan for the implementation of the Sendai Framework. Aitsi-Selmi et al (2016) have emphasized the importance of coherence of science and technology in crosscutting global frameworks, particularly the Sendai Framework, Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), and the Paris Agreement on climate change (UN 2015a, b). An analysis of these three major frameworks suggests that the importance of DRR to sustainable development, and the important of sustainable development to DRR, is well recognized (Shaw et al 2016).…”

Section: Future Emphasis and Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perspectives of Science and Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction of Asia

Shaw¹,

Izumi

Shi

2016

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Science and technology innovation has always been present in Asia, but its application in disaster risk reduction (DRR) has been differential. In Asia, globally significant hotspots of disasters and economic development have emerged in which the application of science and technology in DRR has become an essential requirement for informed decision making. Science has supported establishment and implementation of major international initiatives in DRR, including the Hyogo Framework for Action [2005][2006][2007][2008][2009][2010][2011][2012][2013][2014][2015]. The more recent Sendai Framework for DRR 2015-2030 recognizes the importance of science and technology in all of its priority action areas, and subsequent global and regional forums and conferences have reconfirmed science and technology's importance. To perceive and monitor the progress of science and technology in DRR, a qualitative assessment of different countries is made using three major attributes: (1) science-based decision making; (2) investment in science and technology; and (3) the intensity of science's link to the public. This assessment exercise points out several strengths and weaknesses in science and technology application; the method can be employed to develop future multistakeholder and multidisciplinary science and technology plans at the country level. To implement regional and national activities, a set of 15 recommendations is put forward, which will strengthen the collective regional ''science voice'' in DRR.

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Section: Future Emphasis and Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Future Emphasis and Way Forwardmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Science and Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction of Asia

Shaw¹,

Izumi

Shi

2016

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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“…Scientific innovation and technological development have made it possible to include precise information about landslide hazards and the exposure of the population in landslide warning systems [1]. More precisely, the second half of the twentieth century witnessed innovation in the quality, quantity and availability of hazard, risk and weather information and in the provision of state-of-the-art warning and advisory services [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Warning System Options for Landslide Risk: A Case Study in Upper Austria

et al. 2017

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This paper explores warning system options in the landslide-prone community of Gmunden/Gschliefgraben in Upper Austria. It describes stakeholder perspectives on the technical, social, economic, legal and institutional characteristics of a warning system. The perspectives differ on issues such as responsibility allocation in decisions regarding warnings, technologies used for monitoring and forecasting, costs and financial aspects, open data policies and the role of the residents. Drawing on the theory of plural rationality and based on a desk study and interviews, stakeholder perspectives and discourses on the warning system problem and its solution were elicited. The perspectives formed the basis for the specification of three technical policy options for a warning system in Gschliefgraben: a minimal-cost and cost-effective system; a technical-expert system; and a resident-centered system. The case demonstrates the importance of accounting for a plurality of values and preferences and of giving voice to competing discourses in communities contemplating warning systems or other public good policies. This paper concludes that understanding the different and often conflicting perspectives and technical policy options is the starting point for formulating an agreed compromise for an effective warning system. We describe the compromise solution in an accompanying paper included in this Special Issue.

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“…Recently developed web-based tools for processing Big Data related to Earth and the environment (Vitolo et al, 2015) are able to address the most significant interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary challenges in contemporary research. While these existing tools are critical for successful work with Big Data, it is also essential to expand human capacity to effectively use these tools (Fergusson, 2013;Belmont Forum, 2015;Aitsi-Selmi et al, 2016). From the viewpoint of data science, Fergusson (2013) made recommendations for academic institutions to develop curricula focused on distributed computational skills and the practical use of e-infrastructure for students in different disciplines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Design and Implementation of a Training Course on Big Data Use in Water Management

Koudelova

Kawasaki

Koike³

et al. 2017

Data Science Journal

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Big Data has great potential to be applied to research in the field of geosciences. Motivated by the opportunity provided by the Data Integration and Analysis System (DIAS) of Japan, we organized an intensive two-week course that aims to educate participants on Big Data and its exploitation to solve water management problems. When developing and implementing the Program, we identified two main challenges: (1) assuring that the training has a lasting effect and (2) developing an interdisciplinary curriculum suitable for participants of diverse professional backgrounds. To address these challenges, we introduced several distinctive features. The Program was based on experiential learning -the participants were required to solve real problems and worked in international and multidisciplinary teams. The lectures were strictly relevant to the case-study problems. Significant time was devoted to hands-on exercises, and participants received immediate feedback on individual assignments to ensure skills development. Our evaluation of the two occasions of the Program in 2015 and 2016 indicates significant positive outcomes. The successful completion of the individual assignments confirmed that the participants gained key skills related to the usage of DIAS and other tools. The final solutions to the case-study problems showed that the participants were able to integrate and apply the obtained knowledge, indicating that the Program's format and curriculum were effective. We found that participants used DIAS in subsequent studies and work, thus suggesting that the Program had long-lasting effects. Our experience indicates that despite time constraints, short courses can effectively encourage researchers and practitioners to explore opportunities provided by Big Data.

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Reflections on a Science and Technology Agenda for 21st Century Disaster Risk Reduction

Cited by 156 publications

References 32 publications

Perspectives of Science and Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction of Asia

Perspectives of Science and Technology in Disaster Risk Reduction of Asia

Warning System Options for Landslide Risk: A Case Study in Upper Austria

Design and Implementation of a Training Course on Big Data Use in Water Management

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