Reference values for hand grip strength in Japanese community-dwelling elderly: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Objectives Reference values for hand grip strength in Japanese community-dwelling elderly independent in activities of daily living (ADLs) were calculated by metaanalysis. Methods Papers reporting data on hand grip strength in elderly Japanese adults C60 years of age and independent in ADLs were retrieved from electronic databases. Data were extracted from the selected papers and the weighted mean for hand grip strength by sex was calculated by random effect model. The association of hand grip strength with age and body weight was also analyzed using metaregression analysis. Results Data for 15,784 individuals (5216 men and 10,568 women; mean age 67.0-79.8 years) were extracted from 97 sets of data from 33 papers. The weighted mean for hand grip strength was calculated as 33.11 kg in women. A significant negative correlation was also seen between hand grip strength and age.Conclusions The mean hand grip strength of elderly people calculated in this study can be used as a reference value for the hand grip strength of Japanese communitydwelling elderly who are independent in ADLs. However, age needs to be considered in reference values for hand grip strength.

Laterality and grip strength influence hand bone micro‐architecture in modern humans, an HRpQCT study

“…Even though several factors may influence GS, a curvilinear relationship with age has been described with a peak between 25 and 50 years of age (Mathiowetz et al 1985). In adults, GS is significantly higher (~10%) in men than in women, and this difference increases with age (Kamide et al 2015). However, this trend was reported only in right-handed individuals, whereas no GS asymmetry between genders was shown in left-handed people.…”

“…In adults, GS is significantly higher (~10%) in men than in women, and this difference increases with age (Kamide et al. ). However, this trend was reported only in right‐handed individuals, whereas no GS asymmetry between genders was shown in left‐handed people.…”

Assessment of grip strength in older people needs standardization by age and sex

“…4,5 Although age and sex have a strong effect on walking speed and grip strength, assessments of walking speed and grip strength in which subjects' age and sex are considered have not been established. 6,7 We developed a methodology that standardizes measurement values of walking speed and grip strength by subject age and sex, and investigated the usefulness of this assessment.…”

“…The "mean value" indicates a specific value that is determined by participants' age and sex for 5-m walking time (comfortable pace or maximum effort) or grip strength, respectively, in older Japanese people based on two previously reported meta-analyses. 6,7 Pooled SD (SD pool ) were calculated by the following formula 3. 9…”

“…Letters to the Editor © 2017 Japan Geriatrics Society 352 | bs_bs_banner indicate the sample size and standard deviation of each value included in those studies, respectively. 6,7 Calculations showed that SD pool, 5-m walking time at a comfortable pace was 0.89 s, 5-m walking time at maximum effort was 0.60 s, and grip strength was 4.52 kg for women and 6.41 kg for men. With regard to characteristics of participants, statistical comparisons between participants without functional decline and those with functional decline were carried out using IBM SPSS statistics version 23.0 (IBM Japan, Tokyo, Japan).…”