“…In terms of microscopic theory, the diffusion boundary layer (DBL) flow system control model (Dreybrodt and Buhmann 2011;Liu, et al 2003) and the PWP surface reaction control model (Chen, et al 2019) were proposed and applied to study the kinetics of CaCO3 deposition and dissolution; According to the scaling mechanism of CaCO3 on heat exchange surfaces (Hasson, et al 2002), the deposition of CaCO3 crystalline scale on heat exchange surfaces is mainly controlled by the diffusion speed of Ca 2+ and HCO3 -towards the scale and fluid interface when hard water flows in the pipe under turbulent conditions; In the scaling test of CaCO3-CaSO4 mixed solution in annular pipes, it was found that scale formation is mainly controlled by molecular diffusion at low flow rates and by wall ion reactions at high flow rates (Helalizadeh, et al 2000). In terms of macroscopic test, on the one hand, the influence law of tunnel drainage pipe blockage in karst areas under different drainage pipe diameters, pipe materials and pipe roughnesses are extensively discussed (Li, et al 2021a;Liu, et al 2020b;Yoo 2016), on the other hand, the influence of natural factors such as water temperature, hydraulic gradient, flow rate, pH, soil and microorganism are focused on (Ryparova, et al 2021;Shi, et al 2015;Xin, et al 2018). However, both micro-theory and macro-tests are analyzed qualitatively, and the micro-macro relationship has not yet been established; thus, the regularity of the crystalline scale formation rate of drainage pipes is studied quantitatively.…”