This paper presents a description of recent research and development in HF passive bistatic radar (HFPBR) based on DRM digital AM broadcasting at Wuhan University, China. First, preliminary evaluation of its detection performance with special focus on the hybrid sky-surface wave propagation mode is introduced. Then, DRM broadcasting signal analysis as a radar waveform and associated signal processing techniques are described, consisting of ambiguity function analysis, reference signal extraction, multipath clutter rejection, and target localization. Finally, the experimental system and experimental data analysis are provided. Initial results from field experiments show that DRM-based HFPBR with hybrid sky-surface wave is a promising system for wide area moving target detection and ocean remote sensing.

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In this study, a covariance differencing-based matrix decomposition algorithm is proposed for locating coherent sources under spatially coloured noise in bi-static multiple-input-multiple-output (MIMO) radar. The method contains three steps. First, the covariance differencing technique is employed to eliminate sensor noise, especially the spatially coloured noise. Second, a block Toeplitz or block Hankel matrix is constructed for decorrelation with the covariance differenced matrix. The forward-only, backward-only and combined forward-backward block Toeplitz/Hankel matrix constructions are defined, respectively. Third, unitary estimation of signal parameters by rotational invariance techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm is applied to estimate directions-of-departure (DODs) and directions-of-arrival (DOAs) of sources. The proposed algorithm offers several advantages. First, it is more robust and provides better estimation performance than other methods. Then, the coloured noise problem is overcome in a simple and effective way. Further, the computational load is comparatively low. Simulation results demonstrate the validity of the proposed algorithm.

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