Reduction and transformation of fluorinated graphene induced by ultraviolet irradiation

Ren, Mengmeng; Wang, Xu; Dong, Changshuai; Li, Baoyin; Liu, Yang; Chen, Teng; Wu, Pingbo; Cheng, Zheng; Li, Xiangyang

doi:10.1039/c5cp03473f

Cited by 39 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(71 reference statements)

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“…[[qv: 4a]],[[qv: 9a]] It was found that fluorinated graphene could be reduced by hydrazine, potassium iodide, ultraviolet irradiation and alkylamine compounds. [[qv: 9a]],[[qv: 12a]],61, 62 Robinson et al[[qv: 12a]] reported the low temperature chemical reduction of fluorographene by hydrazine with the process of 4CF n + n N 2 H 4 → 4C + 4 n HF + 2 n N 2 . Radek et al[[qv: 9a]] provided a pathway for defluorination using KI in DMF.…”

Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Fluorinated Graphene: Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications

et al. 2016

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Fluorinated graphene, an up‐rising member of the graphene family, combines a two‐dimensional layer‐structure, a wide bandgap, and high stability and attracts significant attention because of its unique nanostructure and carbon–fluorine bonds. Here, we give an extensive review of recent progress on synthetic methods and C–F bonding; additionally, we present the optical, electrical and electronic properties of fluorinated graphene and its electrochemical/biological applications. Fluorinated graphene exhibits various types of C–F bonds (covalent, semi‐ionic, and ionic bonds), tunable F/C ratios, and different configurations controlled by synthetic methods including direct fluorination and exfoliation methods. The relationship between the types/amounts of C–F bonds and specific properties, such as opened bandgap, high thermal and chemical stability, dispersibility, semiconducting/insulating nature, magnetic, self‐lubricating and mechanical properties and thermal conductivity, is discussed comprehensively. By optimizing the C–F bonding character and F/C ratios, fluorinated graphene can be utilized for energy conversion and storage devices, bioapplications, electrochemical sensors and amphiphobicity. Based on current progress, we propose potential problems of fluorinated graphene as well as the future challenge on the synthetic methods and C‐F bonding character. This review will provide guidance for controlling C–F bonds, developing fluorine‐related effects and promoting the application of fluorinated graphene.

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Section: Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Two‐Dimensional Fluorinated Graphene: Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications

et al. 2016

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“…The reduction of s-FG was not feasible when methanol and water were used for the same aim. Beyond the above-mentioned approaches for the defluorination of FG, Ren et al reported that ultraviolet irradiation and aromatic solvents like toluene act synergistically for the partial defluorination of FG, controlled by the irradiation time [109] .…”

Section: Chemistrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemistry, properties, and applications of fluorographene

Chronopoulos

Bakandritsos

Pykal

et al. 2017

Applied Materials Today

239

171

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“…Further, the concentration of F in FG/FGO can be decreased by the postsynthesis routes such as electron beam irradiation, hydrothermal, and ultrasonic treatments . Recently, it has shown that the CF bonds can be removed (defluorination) by exposing fluorinated graphene to ultraviolet irradiation for long time in aromatic solvents such as toluene and benzene . Further, another recent report explores the possibilities of defluorination by the solvent‐based treatment of fluorinated graphene, where the semiionic CF bonds were removed from fluorinated graphene upon its treatment with dipolar solvents such as N ‐methyl‐2‐pyrolidinone via ultrasonication …”

Section: Homo–lumo Gaps For Various Complexes 1 Au = 27 211 Evmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defluorination of Fluorographene Oxide via Solvent Interactions

Tadi

Bikkarolla

Bhorkar

et al. 2017

Part. Part. Syst. Charact.

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CommuniCation(1 of 7) 1600346 F in FG cannot stabilize the FG-ammonia structure. [4] Hence, it is important to develop a method for the large-scale controlled fluorination/defluorination of graphene/FG. [15,16] Conventional F doping level control in graphene relies on the tuning the amount of reagents or flow and time of the fluorination gases and process. [11,17] Mechanical exfoliation of graphite fluoride is the first method reported for FG synthesis while chemical exfoliation of various types of fluorographites resulting to FGO is pursued for its large-scale synthesis. [1,[18][19][20] Pumera and co-workers also reported the synthesis of dichlorocarbenefunctionalized fluorographene by the addition of dichlorocarbene to fluorographite and followed by its exfoliation. [21] Further, the concentration of F in FG/FGO can be decreased by the postsynthesis routes such as electron beam irradiation, [22,23] hydrothermal, [24] and ultrasonic treatments. [25] Recently, it has shown that the CF bonds can be removed (defluorination) by exposing fluorinated graphene to ultraviolet irradiation for long time in aromatic solvents such as toluene and benzene. [26] Further, another recent report explores the possibilities of defluorination by the solvent-based treatment of fluorinated graphene, where the semiionic CF bonds were removed from fluorinated graphene upon its treatment with dipolar solvents such as N-methyl-2-pyrolidinone via ultrasonication. [27] Here a simple defluorination technique for FGO using moderately polar solvents such as tetrahydrofuran (THF, which was not observed by Wang et al.), [27] a versatile water miscible solvent and a favorite carrier fluid for graphene-based paints, [28] is demonstrated and DFT studies are conducted to probe the interactions between solvents and FG/graphene. [29] The selective interaction of solvent with the CF bonds preserves almost all the other oxygen functionalities, and this in turn helps for the development of good quality functional coatings of FGO. The change in the visible light absorption by FGO upon defluorination is confirmed by its color change from white to dark, and the effect of defluorination in heterogeneous electron transport (HET) kinetics [30,31] is studied using inner and outer redox probes such as K 3 [Fe(CN) 6 ] and Ru(NH 3 ) 6 Cl 3 in 1 M KCl solution. This study has extended to the oxidation of biologically relevant molecules such as ascorbic acid (AA) and dopamine (DA) in phosphate buffered saline (PBS) solution using various F containing FGOs, and sensing of ammonia gas molecules by monitoring the changes in the electronic conductivity upon gas exposure is demonstrated.In order to understand the interactions between FG and various solvents, interactions of THF, toluene, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ), and acetic acid (not shown here in the calculations) with FG were studied using DFT. The energy gaps (E g ) of the complexes were determined from the

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Reduction and transformation of fluorinated graphene induced by ultraviolet irradiation

Cited by 39 publications

References 49 publications

Two‐Dimensional Fluorinated Graphene: Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications

Two‐Dimensional Fluorinated Graphene: Synthesis, Structures, Properties and Applications

Chemistry, properties, and applications of fluorographene

Defluorination of Fluorographene Oxide via Solvent Interactions

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