Reducing the interfacial defect density of CZTSSe solar cells by Mn substitution

Lie, Stener; Tan, Joel Ming Rui; Li, Wenjie; Leow, Shin Woei; Tay, Ying Fan; Bishop, Douglas M.; Gunawan, Oki; Wong, Lydia Helena

doi:10.1039/c7ta09668b

Cited by 63 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Manganese (Mn) is a transition metal. The ionic radius of Mn 2+ with high spin state is 0.80 Å, larger than that of Zn 2+ (0.74 Å) . Obviously, large ionic size mismatch can suppress cation disorder in CZTSSe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn²⁺‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu₂(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)₄ Solar Cells

Hou

Gao

et al. 2018

Solar RRL

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Isoelectronic cation substitution is a potential method to decrease the density of Cu‐Zn anti‐site defects in CZTSSe, thus improving the VOC and performance of CZTSSe solar cells. The proper doping concentration is determined traditionally by the trial and error approach, costing much time, and materials. How to shorten the time to find the proper doping concentration is a big challenge for the development of solar cells. Here, by utilizing the machine learning model, the authors carry out an adaptive design for predicting the optimal doping ratio of Mn2+ ions in CZTSSe solar cells for improved solar cell efficiency. With the help of machine learning prediction, the authors rapidly and efficiently find the optimal doping ratio of Mn2+ in CZTSSe solar cells to be 0.05, achieving a highest solar cell efficiency of 8.9% in experiment. Further experimental characterizations of Mn‐doped CZTSSe show that the defect in CZTSSe after Mn doping is changed from an anti‐site CuZn defect to VCu defect. Our findings suggest that machine learning is a very powerful and efficient approach to aid the development of solar cell materials for its application in the photovoltaic field.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn²⁺‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu₂(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)₄ Solar Cells

Hou

Gao

et al. 2018

Solar RRL

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“…Other elements have been tested for alloying such as Mn, Mg, and Fe with device performances still at the 7–8% level and using very low concentration for Mn and Mg (less than 5%), or 2–3% efficiency with the total substation of Zn by Fe. For the moment, these substitutions are still not competitive with the previously presented ones.…”

Section: Challenges and Perspectives: How To Improve The Kesterite Efmentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

et al. 2019

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The latest progress and future perspectives of thin film photovoltaic kesterite technology are reviewed herein. Kesterite is currently the most promising emerging fully inorganic thin film photovoltaic technology based on critical raw-material-free and sustainable solutions. The positioning of kesterites in the frame of the emerging inorganic solar cells is first addressed, and the recent history of this family of materials briefly described. A review of the fast progress achieved earlier this decade is presented, toward the relative slowdown in the recent years partly explained by the large opencircuit voltage (V OC ) deficit recurrently observed even in the best solar cell devices in the literature. Then, through a comparison with the close cousin Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 technology, doping and alloying strategies are proposed as critical for enhancing the conversion efficiency of kesterite. In the second section herein, intrinsic and extrinsic doping, as well as alloying strategies are reviewed, presenting the most relevant and recent results, and proposing possible pathways for future implementation. In the last section, a review on technological applications of kesterite is presented, going beyond conventional photovoltaic devices, and demonstrating their suitability as potential candidates in advanced tandem concepts, photocatalysis, thermoelectric, gas sensing, etc.Kesterite Photovoltaics He has supervised ten Ph.D. theses in the photovoltaic field. He is currently the coordinator of the research and innovation H2020 project STARCELL (www.starcell.eu), and the RISE (Marie Curie) project INFINITE-CELL (www.infinite-cell.eu).the V OC deficit for bandgaps close to 1.0 or 1.5 eV are comparable, and one can consider that kesterite is reasonably close to the state of the art of chalcopyrite materials in that range. But, while for kesterite the V OC deficit increases almost monotonically with the bandgap, it is markedly reduced for intermediate

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“…Recently, Raman spectroscopy has become a widely used technique for the confirmation of quaternary phase formation, as in the case of its application in solar cell devices [84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92], as well as for further fundamental material analysis [93][94][95][96][97][98][99][100]. The increased popularity of Raman spectroscopy for the assessment of kesterite-type quaternary compounds, as well as of other inorganic materials, is mostly due to the strong increase in the usability and versatility of Raman systems and low qualification requirements for the general spectra analysis.…”

Section: Assessment Of Kesterite Properties and Solar Cell Performancmentioning

confidence: 99%

Point defects, compositional fluctuations, and secondary phases in non-stoichiometric kesterites

et al. 2019

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The efficiency of kesterite-based solar cells is limited by various non-ideal recombination paths, amongst others by a high density of defect states and by the presence of binary or ternary secondary phases within the absorber layer. Pronounced compositional variations and secondary phase segregation are indeed typical features of non-stoichiometric kesterite materials. Certainly kesterite-based thin film solar cells with an offstoichiometric absorber layer composition, especially Cu-poor/Zn-rich, achieved the highest efficiencies, but deviations from the stoichiometric composition lead to the formation of intrinsic point defects (vacancies, anti-sites, and interstitials) in the kesterite-type material. In addition, a non-stoichiometric composition is usually associated with the formation of an undesirable side phase (secondary phases). Thus the correlation between off-stoichiometry and intrinsic point defects as well as the identification and quantification of secondary phases and compositional fluctuations in non-stoichiometric kesterite materials is of great importance for the understanding and rational design of solar cell devices. This paper summarizes the latest achievements in the investigation of identification and quantification of intrinsic point defects, compositional fluctuations, and secondary phases in non-stoichiometric kesterite-type materials.This work focuses on structural variations in kesterite-type compound semiconductors, in particular Cu/Zn disorder and intrinsic point defects, as well as on compositional variations, in particular stoichiometry deviations in the kesterite-type phase and the segregation of related binary and ternary phases.This review provides the vital approaches by discussing results and trends concerning intrinsic point defects and structural disorder, compositional fluctuations, and secondary phases on a macroscopic and microscopic scale and even on the nano-scale. Various analytical methods have been used in these studies.The review comprises five parts:A. Crystal structure, structural disorder, and intrinsic point defects in kesterites B. Raman spectroscopy investigations on kesterites OPEN ACCESS RECEIVED

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Reducing the interfacial defect density of CZTSSe solar cells by Mn substitution

Abstract: Mn substitution in Cu2MnxZn1−xSn(S,Se)4induces structural, optical and electronic property changes and reduces interfacial defects improving the device performance.

Cited by 63 publications

References 67 publications

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn²⁺‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu₂(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)₄ Solar Cells

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn²⁺‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu₂(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)₄ Solar Cells

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

Point defects, compositional fluctuations, and secondary phases in non-stoichiometric kesterites

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Reducing the interfacial defect density of CZTSSe solar cells by Mn substitution

Abstract: Mn substitution in Cu2MnxZn1−xSn(S,Se)4induces structural, optical and electronic property changes and reduces interfacial defects improving the device performance.

Cited by 63 publications

References 67 publications

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn2+‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu2(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)4 Solar Cells

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn2+‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu2(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)4 Solar Cells

Progress and Perspectives of Thin Film Kesterite Photovoltaic Technology: A Critical Review

Point defects, compositional fluctuations, and secondary phases in non-stoichiometric kesterites

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Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn²⁺‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu₂(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)₄ Solar Cells

Efficient Optimization of the Performance of Mn²⁺‐Doped Kesterite Solar Cell: Machine Learning Aided Synthesis of High Efficient Cu₂(Mn,Zn)Sn(S,Se)₄ Solar Cells