Examined research studies to determine the efficacy of rational-emotive education (REE), the educational derivation of rational-emotive therapy, with various populations of school-aged children (non-clinical; learning disabled; "high-risk"; low self-esteem; anxious; and a mixed group of single subject studies). The findings from 21 studies include the effectiveness of REE in (a) decreasing irrationality in over 88% of the studies using a measure of irrationality, (b) increasing the internal locus of control of subjects in 71% of the studies using such a measure, particularly with learning disabled students, and (c) decreasing the anxiety of subjects in 80% of studies using measures of anxiety. Support was also found in over 50% of the studies in the areas of self-esteem and of behavioral problems. Significant, from a theoretical perspective, was the consistent finding that when changes in irrationality occurred there were concomitant changes with other dependent measures. Of the small number of studies using a follow-up design, the overall results were positive in terms of maintenance of gains made at posttest. This review finishes with a list of recommendations for conducting and reporting REE research.In a recent review, the efficacy of psychotherapy with children, particularly cognitive-behavioral therapies, has been supported (Casey & Berman, 1985). Although a number of review articles has evaluated the efficacy of different types of cognitive-behavioral interventions with diverse childhood problems (e.g., Abikoff, 1985), scant attention has been directed toward examining the Requests for reprints should be sent to