Red Tomato Products as an Alternative to Reduce Synthetic Dyes in the Food Industry: A Review

Abstract

Most dyes used in the food industry are synthetic and can be a health hazard. Red tomato may serve as a natural alternative dye to replace synthetic colorants. This study aimed to review the literature on the addition of red tomato products (powder tomato, paste, freeze-dried, tomato peel powder, tomato pomace) to reduce the usage of synthetic dyes in the food industry. Red tomato products have been used as coloring in pasta, bologna, sausages, cookies, crackers, macaroons, hamburgers, breads, muffins, cheeses, and nuggets. The trans-cis isomerization of lycopene by oxidative processes directly affects the color of the pigment. The lycopene contained in tomato has antioxidant activity and could reduce or eliminate other oxidants and/or synthetic preservatives in food. Moreover, tomatoes in foods have high sensory scores, nutritional appeal, and marketing potential. However, its use as a food colorant has been not extensively explored. Therefore, further studies are still required, especially on the stability of carotenoids in tomatoes used in processed foods.

Tomatoes: main uses in the food industry (review)

“…Хлебобулочные изделия хлеб из пшеничной муки [49] сдобные булочные изделия [50] активация хлебопекарных дрожжей [42,51] Мучные кондитерские изделия крекеры, галеты [52,113] заварные пряники [53] кексы [54] Кондитерские изделия зефир [55] пастила [56] Макаронные изделия [57] Функциональные добавки [15,58] Биологически активные продукты [59] Прямого отжима Восстановленный Прямого отжима с мякотью Восстановленный с мякотью Алкогольные напитки [79,[97][98][99][100][101][102] Ферментированный напиток [96] Соус для мясо-рыбных и овощных консервов [81,[82][83][84][85][86][87]] Соусы [88][89][90] Консервированное пюре [15,71,[91][92][93] Экструдированные изделия [44] Алкогольные напитки [94,95] Ферментированный напиток [96] Томаты вяленные консервированные [47] Хлебобулочные изделия [16,17] Слайсы сушеные [48,…”

“…Съедобная упаковка [46] ПРОДУКТЫ ТОМАТНЫЕ КОНЦЕНТРИРОВАННЫЕ Bakery products [78] Alcoholic beverages [79,80] TOMATOES fresh for industrial processing Bakery products wheat flour bread [49] sweet bakery products [50] activation of baking yeast [42,51] Flour confectionery products crackers, hard biscuits [52,113] custard cakes [53] cupcakes [54] Confectionery products marshmallow [55] pastille [56] Pasta [57] Functional additives [15,58] Biologically active products [59] Direct spin Restored Direct pressing with pulp Reconstituted with pulp Alcoholic beverages [94 [79, 97-102] Fermented drink [96] Sauce for canned meat, fish and vegetables [81,[82][83][84][85][86][87]] Sauces [88][89][90] Canned puree [15,71,[91][92][93] Extruded products [44] Alcoholic beverages [94,95] Fermented drink [96] Dried tomatoes canned [47] Bakery products [16,17] Dried slices [48,112] CANNED FRUITS Vegetable marinades…”

“…Сушеные плоды томатов используются в пищевой промышленности как в виде кусочков с содержанием сухих веществ 6-50%, так и в качестве порошка, получаемого путем измельчения кусочков с низким содержанием влаги. Сушеные томатные продукты с низким содержанием влаги используют в хлебопекарном, кондитерском и снековом (закусочном) производствах с целью расширения вкусовой гаммы продукции, повышения ее биологической ценности при сохранении высоким потребительских свойств [41,42,[49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. Сушеные (вяленые) томаты также подвергают консервации в растительных маслах со специями [47].…”

Filter cake enriched with rockdust on the morphometry of cherry tomato and malagueta pepper seedlings via multivariate modeling

“…Brazil is one of the largest producers of vegetables, which contributes to the generation of employment for small and mediumsized producers, with emphasis on family farming (Resque et al 2019). Among the vegetables produced, tomato is considered the most important, with higher production and a high consumption rate (da Costa Mello et al 2018; Tonhati et al 2020; Silva and Lourencetti 2021; Castro et al 2021). The cherry tomato group presents ease in cultural practices, being an alternative and pro table crop for small and medium-sized producers (Dias et al 2008;Lucini et al 2016;Zanin et al 2018).…”

Anthocyanins, Carotenoids and Chlorophylls in Edible Plant Leaves Unveiled by Tandem Mass Spectrometry

“…Since early civilization, pigments have been used for many purposes, giving color to manufactured products and being used to process food, medicines (even without any sense of food safety) and cosmetics. Nowadays, these compounds are still used as food colorants to preserve or intensify the natural color of food, which is associated with quality, and to confer an attractive appearance or to restore color loss during storage in the cosmetic industry or in dyes for textiles or paints [4,[22][23][24][25][26][27]. Pigments are molecules able to absorb light in the visible region.…”