“…SARS and avian flu) and also the COVID-19 pandemic ( Chang et al, 2007 ; Keogh-Brown et al, 2008 ; McKibbin and Fernando, 2020 ). Other studies also have assessed the relationship between COVID-19 and the transportation sector ( Bian et al, 2021 ; Cui et al, 2021 ; Gaskin et al, 2021 ; Hensher et al, 2021 ; Zhang, 2020 ), with impacts on travel behaviors and mobility commuting ( Bohman et al, 2021 ; Hensher et al, 2021 ), and the impacts of COVID-19 on air transportation ( Andreana et al, 2021 ; Zhu et al, 2021 ). The difference between the applied research described in the following section and in our study, in addition to the analytical scope, is the treatment given to the model's structure to consider the different types of households by income range, the possibility of income transfer between government and households and the different economic environments regarding the government's budget behavior.…”