Recovery of Treponema Pallidum from Aqueous Humor Removed at Cataract Surgery in Man by Passive Transfer to Rabbit Testis

Smith, J. Lawton; Israel, C W; McCrary, John A.; Harner, Russell E.

doi:10.1016/0002-9394(68)93595-2

Cited by 24 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Treponemes may persist despite apparently successful treatment indicating that some treponemes may be 'resting' or dividing very slowly. [68][69][70][71][72][73] . Clinical data are lacking on the optimal dose and duration of treatment and the long-term efficacy of antimicrobials other than penicillin.…”

Section: Diagnosis Of Csmentioning

confidence: 99%

UK national guidelines on the management of syphilis 2015

Kingston¹,

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

These guidelines are an update for 2015 of the 2008 UK guidelines for the management of syphilis. The writing group have piloted the new BASHH guideline methodology, notably using the GRADE system for assessing evidence and making recommendations. We have made significant changes to the recommendations for screening infants born to mothers with positive syphilis serology and to facilitate accurate and timely communication between the teams caring for mother and baby we have developed a birth plan. Procaine penicillin is now an alternative, not preferred treatment, for all stages of syphilis except neurosyphilis, but the length of treatment for this is shortened. Other changes are summarised at the start of the guideline.

show abstract

Section: Diagnosis Of Csmentioning

confidence: 99%

UK national guidelines on the management of syphilis 2015

Kingston¹,

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Therefore, its reliability in determining active disease has been questioned not only for syphilis but for many other infectious diseases (16). The persistence of T. pallidum in various organs at different stages of infection, in untreated and treated individuals, has been evaluated extensively (4,8,13,15,21,28,29). However, only a few studies, using relatively insensitive methods and short experimental periods, have been done to determine specifically the kinetics of elimination of living treponemes from the primary site of inoculation in normal (1,10,24) or immune rabbits (5,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of Persistent Infection in Experimental Syphilis by PCR

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The studies described herein were designed to evaluate the usefulness of the PCR in detecting persistent syphilitic infection. Three groups of animals were used: a nonimmune group infected withTreponema pallidum (NI/TP), a nonimmune group injected with heat-killed treponemes (NI/HKTP), and an immune and reinfected group (I/TP). All animals were inoculated with similar numbers of organisms distributed at 10 sites on the clipped back and in both testes. The persistence of the treponemes was examined by PCR and the rabbit infectivity test (RIT). The kinetic studies and statistical analysis of their results demonstrated that the rate of bacterial clearance from the NI/TP group was very low and incomplete at 4 months after infection. It was significantly different from those of both the NI/HKTP (P < 0.001) and I/TP (P < 0.05) groups. No statistically significant differences in treponemal elimination were found between the NI/HKTP and I/TP groups. PCR can detect the DNA of dead organisms, but the latter are eliminated by the host relatively quickly (15 to 30 days) as compared to elimination of live treponemes (>120 days). PCR results correlated well with RIT results. These data suggest that PCR-positive specimens obtained from an untreated patient(s) or collected weeks after treatment indicate persistent infection. They also show that the process of elimination ofT. pallidum from primary sites of infection is prolonged and incomplete.

show abstract

“…Wells and Smith (1967) observed treponemes in the aqueous humour of a rabbit experimentally infected with syphilis. Smith and Israel (1968) reported a series of cases in which treponemes were found in the aqueous and certain other tissues in patients with late syphilis. The organisms were demonstrated by the use of specific fluoresceintagged antibody and were shown in a few instances to be virulent and pathogenic on passive transfer to other animals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The organisms were demonstrated by the use of specific fluoresceintagged antibody and were shown in a few instances to be virulent and pathogenic on passive transfer to other animals. Smith, Israel, McCrary, and Harner (1968) inoculated the testis of a healthy rabbit with aqueous humour obtained at routine cataract extraction from a patient with a history of treated late syphilis; 1 month later it was possible to demonstrate the presence of spirochaetes in a testicular biopsy. Smith (1968Smith ( , 1969 reported the case of a 23-yearold woman who complained of blurred vision for 2 months.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Smith, Israel, McCrary, and Harner (1968) inoculated the testis of a healthy rabbit with aqueous humour obtained at routine cataract extraction from a patient with a history of treated late syphilis; 1 month later it was possible to demonstrate the presence of spirochaetes in a testicular biopsy. Smith (1968Smith ( , 1969 reported the case of a 23-yearold woman who complained of blurred vision for 2 months. She was treated with topical and systemic steroids and atropine drops for a prolonged period.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Demonstration of motile treponemes in the aqueous humour in secondary syphilis.

Schmidt¹,

Goldschmidt²

1972

Sexually Transmitted Infections

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As early as 1907, only 2 years after the discovery of Spirochaeta pallida, Stephenson reported finding spirochaetes in the anterior chamber fluid in the eye of a 20-year-old woman who suffered from iridocyclitis complicating secondary syphilis. Goldman and Girard (1967) reported two cases of congenital syphilis, both in women aged 52 years. The patients had interstitial keratitis and treponemes were found in the aqueous humour. Both patients had previously received treatment with arsenicals, bismuth, and iodides, after which the Wassermann reaction had become non-reactive. The authors stressed the value of anterior chamber paracentesis to diagnose the presence of active ocular syphilis. Wells and Smith (1967) observed treponemes in the aqueous humour of a rabbit experimentally infected with syphilis. Smith and Israel (1968) reported a series of cases in which treponemes were found in the aqueous and certain other tissues in patients with late syphilis. The organisms were demonstrated by the use of specific fluoresceintagged antibody and were shown in a few instances to be virulent and pathogenic on passive transfer to other animals. Smith, Israel, McCrary, and Harner (1968) inoculated the testis of a healthy rabbit with aqueous humour obtained at routine cataract extraction from a patient with a history of treated late syphilis; 1 month later it was possible to demonstrate the presence of spirochaetes in a testicular biopsy.Smith (1968, 1969) reported the case of a 23-yearold woman who complained of blurred vision for 2 months. She was treated with topical and systemic steroids and atropine drops for a prolonged period. The VDRL test was non-reactive, and the FTA-ABS non-reactive to slightly reactive. Darkfield microscopy of the aqueous fluid revealed spirochaetes which were also found by fluorescent antibody staining. Finally, MacFaul and Catterall (1971) demonstrated spiral organisms by fluorescent antibody Received for publication March 16, 1972 Address: Odense University Hospital, DK 5000 Odense, Denmark staining in the aqueous humour of a homosexual male who had had secondary syphilis 6 months previously, complicated by iritis, for which he had been treated with penicillin.Moore (1931) reported that severe and acute iridocyclitis was not uncommon in the early secondary stages of syphilis, when it was found in 4 6 per cent. of cases.As there are few reports concerning the observation of spirochaetes in the eye in cases of untreated early syphilis we thought it justifiable to record the following case. Case historyThe patient, a married man aged 50 years, denied previous venereal disease. In October, 1971, he complained of pain on defaecation and noticed fresh blood in the stools. Cancer being suspected, he was transferred to a surgical ward and was operated upon for an ulcerative lesion near the anal sphincter. No serological tests for syphilis were performed. Histologically the rectal mucosa showed chronic and severe inflammntion with lymphocytes and plasma cells but no signs of malignancy. The microsc...

show abstract

Recovery of Treponema Pallidum from Aqueous Humor Removed at Cataract Surgery in Man by Passive Transfer to Rabbit Testis

Cited by 24 publications

References 5 publications

UK national guidelines on the management of syphilis 2015

UK national guidelines on the management of syphilis 2015

Identification of Persistent Infection in Experimental Syphilis by PCR

Demonstration of motile treponemes in the aqueous humour in secondary syphilis.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About