Syphilis is a disease that is relatively easy to detect by appropriate serological tests, however, all laboratory results should be considered together with clinical data and sexual risk anamnesis. Syphilis is also easy to treat with BPG. A major concern about the supply of BPG in many European countries could threaten the efficacy of the policies of eradication of the disease in Europe.

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† Gummatous syphilis: 22 typical nodules/plaques or ulcers; † Neurosyphilis: ocular, auricular, meningovascular, parenchymatous (general paresis, tabes dorsalis); asymptomatic (abnormal cerebrospinal fluid [CSF]); † Cardiovascular syphilis: aortitis-asymptomatic, angina, aortic regurgitation, stenosis of coronary ostia, aortic aneurysm (mainly thoracic). Epidemiological monitoring of infectious syphilis: all patients with primary, secondary and early latent syphilis should be reported to their National Syphilis Surveillance System and these national programmes should report to the European Surveillance of STI (ESSTI) network of the ECDC, if they are within the European Union. 1