Recovering of forest biomass from Spanish hybrid poplar plantations

Tolosana, Eduardo; Laina, Rubén; Martínez-Ferrari, Rocío; Ambrosio, Y.

doi:10.1016/j.biombioe.2011.02.007

Cited by 26 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Spinelli et al 2005, von Hofsten and Nordén 2007, Karlsson 2007, Laitila et al 2007, 2008, Hedman 2008, Laurila and Lauhanen 2008, Lazdiņš et al 2009, von Hofsten 2010, Jouhiaho and Mutikainen 2010, Jouhiaho et al 2010, Laitila 2010, Athanassiadis et al 2011, Erkkilä et al 2011, Tolosana et al 2011). Besides, the issue is very important, as the Väkevä Stump Processor is the most commonly used lifting head in Finland.…”

Section: Discussion and Conlusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two stump-lifting heads in final felling Norway spruce stand

Kärhä¹

2012

Silva Fenn.

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The use of stump and root wood chips has increased very rapidly in the 21st century in Finland: in the year 2000, the total consumption of stump wood chips for energy generation was 10 GWh, while in 2010 it was approximately 2 TWh. Metsäteho Oy and TTS Research evaluated two stump-lifting devices for the lifting of Norway spruce (Picea abies) stumps. The productivity and costs of stump lifting were determined. There was one base machine with one operator in the time study. When lifting stumps with a diameter of 30 cm, the effective hour productivity of stump lifting was 11.2 m 3 solid over bark (sob)/E 0 (4.8 ton D /E 0 ) without site preparation using a Väkevä Stump Processor, and when lifting spruce stumps with a diameter of 40 cm, the productivity was 14.9 m 3 sob/E 0 (6.5 ton D /E 0 ). When the site preparation (mounding) was integrated into lifting work, the stump-lifting productivity decreased 21-27%. The stump-lifting productivity of the other lifting head (Järvinen) was lower than that of the Väkevä Stump Processor. Some development suggestions for the Järvinen lifting head were presented and discussed. The cost calculations showed that stump-lifting costs are extremely high when stump diameter is less than 20 cm. Therefore, the study recommended a change in the current stump-harvesting guidelines of Finland: The study suggested that all the stumps with a diameter less than 20 cm should be left on the harvesting site.

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Section: Discussion and Conlusionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of two stump-lifting heads in final felling Norway spruce stand

Kärhä¹

2012

Silva Fenn.

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“…The stumps are uprooted and split using a tracked excavator, and impurities are shaken off by the crane movements Lazdins et al 2009;Lindroos et al 2010;Athanassiadis et al 2011;Tolosana et al 2011;Kärhä 2012;Berg et al 2012;Czupy and Horvath-Szovati 2013;Berg et al 2014;Berg 2014). Shaking off the impurities from the extracted stumps take a relatively large proportion of the excavator's working time, and stump shaking by the crane movements also causes stress to the driver (Laitila 2008;Kärhä 2012).…”

Section: Procurement Of Stumps and Delimbed Stems For Fuelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The cost competitiveness of conifer stumps in the procurement of forest chips for fuel in Southern and Northern Finland

Laitila¹,

Ranta²,

Asikainen³

et al. 2015

Silva Fenn.

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• Pre-grinding and integrated screening is a way of guaranteeing fuel quality, but, when the stumps' ash content is six per cent or below, the procurement costs are higher than with grinding of stumps at the plant. Because of high transportation costs, stump harvesting is the most profitable in Southern Finland, where there is greater availability of stumps than in Northern Finland. AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate cost competitiveness, at regional level, of various systems for stump transportation and grinding, and to compare the results to the procurement costs of delimbed stems from early thinnings at the stand and regional level. The accumulation and procurement costs of stumps and delimbed stems were estimated within a 100-kilometer radius from two power plants located in Kouvola and in Kajaani. The analyses were performed as simulated treatments in clear cuts and thinnings of young stands, using existing productivity and cost functions, alternative ash percentages for stump wood, and yield calculations based on the forest industry regeneration felling stand data and the sample plots data of the National Forest Inventory of Finland. The results were expressed as Euros per solid cubic meter (€ m -3 ) and Euros per megawatt hour (€ MWh -1 ).The results highlight the need to improve stump fuel quality and increase the heating value. The procurement cost of stumps was about 1 € MWh -1 lower in Kouvola compared to Kajaani, when using conceivable ash content of 6% for stumps ground at the plant, and ash content of 1.5% for stumps pre-ground at the roadside landing. The procurement costs of stumps were, on average, 0.55 € MWh -1 lower compared to delimbed stems in Kouvola, and on average 0.6 € MWh -1 higher in Kajaani. Pre-grinding and integrated screening is a feasible way to guarantee the fuel quality expressed as ash content already at roadside landings, but the procurement costs are higher compared to grinding stumps at the plant, when the ash content of ground stumps is 6% or less.

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“…We calculated the acceleration values of the center frequency of the five measurements and plotted a cylindrical shape, as shown in Figure 2. The weighted acceleration of the 1/3 octave band from 6.3 to 315 Hz can be solved according to formula (1), and the weighted acceleration value of five measurements is shown in Table 2.…”

Section: Standard For Measurement and Evaluation Of Human Hand Contacmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…And stump is widely used, such as be used for kraft pulp production, microbial industry, and manufacturing of wood plastic. 1 But because the stump is difficult to dig, in addition to a small amount of mining by the human, excavators, or bulldozers, most of them are left in the cutting-blank on natural decay. 2 This not only wastes resources, but also is not conducive to artificial or natural reforestation, and easily leads to the occurrence of forest diseases and insect pests.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vibration analysis and optimization of a vertical disc stump grinder

Li-hong

Wang

Zeng

et al. 2018

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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The vibration of the handles of a vertical disc stump grinder causes significant damage to people who operate the machine for a long time. First, we tested the vibration of the handle of a vertical disc stump grinder. Second, we evaluated the allowable years of operating the vertical disc stump grinder according to the assessment standard ISO 5349 for human exposure to hand-transmitted vibration by the International Organization for Standardization. Third, we established a finite element model of the stump grinder based on the experience model of the engine and the power spectrum of the cutting force of the grinder. Finally, we proposed an optimization scheme for the vertical disc stump grinder according to the finite element model. The experimental results indicate that the output weighted acceleration of the existing handle of the vertical disc stump grinder is 47.89 m/s 2 and the allowable years for operating the grinder are less than one. The simulation results indicate that the finite element model of the vertical disc stump grinder is useful for analyzing the vibration of the handle. The output weighted acceleration of the existing handle of the vertical disc stump grinder is 8.87 m/s 2 after optimization, with the allowable years of operation increased to 3 years. Thus, the optimization scheme is feasible.

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Recovering of forest biomass from Spanish hybrid poplar plantations

Cited by 26 publications

References 4 publications

Comparison of two stump-lifting heads in final felling Norway spruce stand

Comparison of two stump-lifting heads in final felling Norway spruce stand

The cost competitiveness of conifer stumps in the procurement of forest chips for fuel in Southern and Northern Finland

Vibration analysis and optimization of a vertical disc stump grinder

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