Reconfigurable Skyrmion Logic Gates

The field of skyrmionics has been actively investigated across a wide range of topics during the last decade. In this topical review, we review and discuss key results and findings in skyrmionics since the first experimental observation of magnetic skyrmions in 2009. We particularly focus on the theoretical, computational and experimental findings and advances that are directly relevant to the spintronic applications based on magnetic skyrmions, i.e. their writing, deleting, reading and processing driven by magnetic field, electric current and thermal energy. We then review several potential applications including information storage, logic computing gates and non-conventional devices such as neuromorphic computing devices. Finally, we discuss possible future research directions on magnetic skyrmions, which also cover rich topics on other topological textures such as antiskyrmions and bimerons in antiferromagnets and frustrated magnets.

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“…In 2016, Xing et al [194] numerically demonstrated the NAND and NOR gates by using both domain walls and skyrmions. In 2018, Luo et al [195]…”

Section: Information Computing: Transistor-like Devices and Skyrmionimentioning

confidence: 99%

Skyrmion-electronics: writing, deleting, reading and processing magnetic skyrmions toward spintronic applications

Zhang¹,

Zhou²,

Song³

et al. 2020

J. Phys.: Condens. Matter

372

302

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“…In the following we will apply the Hamiltonian description given by Eqs. (7) and (10) to the dynamics of skyrmions and antiskyrmions. First we review the steady translational motion for rigid topological structures using this approach, and second we apply the technique to study the breathing mode.…”

Section: Effective Hamiltonian Descriptions For Magnetic Skyrmionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterizing breathing dynamics of magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions within the Hamiltonian formalism

et al. 2019

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We derive an effective Hamiltonian system describing the low energy dynamics of circular magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions. Using scaling and symmetry arguments we model (anti-)skyrmion dynamics through a finite set of coupled, canonically conjugated, collective coordinates. The resulting theoretical description is independent of both micromagnetic details as well as any specificity in the ansatz of the skyrmion profile. Based on the Hamiltonian structure we derive a general description for breathing dynamics of (anti-)skyrmions in the limit of radius much larger than the domain wall width. The effective energy landscape reveals two qualitatively different types of breathing behavior. For small energy perturbations we reproduce the well-known small breathing mode excitations, where the magnetic moments of the skyrmion oscillate around their equilibrium solution. At higher energies we find a breathing behavior where the in-plane angle of the skyrmion continuously precesses, transforming Néel to Bloch skyrmions and vice versa. For a damped system we observe the transition from the continuously rotating and breathing skyrmion into the oscillatory one. We analyze the characteristic frequencies of both breathing types, as well as their amplitudes and distinct energy dissipation rates. For rotational (oscillatory) breathing modes we predict on average a linear (exponential) decay in energy. We argue that this stark difference in dissipative behavior should be observable in the frequency spectrum of excited (anti-)skyrmions.

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“…Skyrmionic devices promise exceptional electrical efficiency -skyrmions can be directly driven by ultra-low current densities, and even controlled in the absence of current by static magnetic field gradients [3,4]. Their small size and unusual dynamics allow for their utilization in conventional computers, which has prompted a wide study of skyrmionic re-implementations of arithmetic logic units and memory storage devices [5,6]. Additionally, recent studies suggest that skyrmions could find use in exotic devices such as stochastic and reservoir computers [7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic skyrmion interactions in the micromagnetic framework

2020

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Magnetic skyrmions are localized swirls of magnetization with a non-trivial topological winding number. This winding increases their robustness to superparamagnetism and gives rise to a myriad of novel dynamical properties, making them attractive as next-generation information carriers. Recently the equation of motion for a skyrmion was derived using the approach pioneered by Thiele, allowing for macroscopic skyrmion systems to be modeled efficiently. This powerful technique suffers from the prerequisite that one must have a priori knowledge of the functional form of the interaction between a skyrmion and all other magnetic structures in its environment. Here we attempt to alleviate this problem by providing a simple analytic expression which can generate arbitrary repulsive interaction potentials from the micromagnetic Hamiltonian. We also discuss a toy model of the radial profile of a skyrmion which is accurate for a wide range of material parameters.

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Reconfigurable Skyrmion Logic Gates

Cited by 250 publications

References 31 publications

Skyrmion-electronics: writing, deleting, reading and processing magnetic skyrmions toward spintronic applications

Skyrmion-electronics: writing, deleting, reading and processing magnetic skyrmions toward spintronic applications

Characterizing breathing dynamics of magnetic skyrmions and antiskyrmions within the Hamiltonian formalism

Magnetic skyrmion interactions in the micromagnetic framework

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