Recent significant developments in detection and method development for the determination of inorganic ions by CE

Abstract

CE has been available as a tool for almost 20 years, but it is only in the past several years that it has been implemented widely. This has been the result of some significant advances in the technique. These fall in the areas of indirect photometric detection (through the use of dyes as probes and LEDs as light sources), the introduction and establishment of capacitively-coupled contactless conductivity detection (C4D) as a routine, sensitive and commercially available detection method, and in software capable of simulation of separations and the selection of optimal composition of the BGE. These developments are reviewed and their impact illustrated by reference to a case study involving the rapid separation and sensitive detection of 15 anions and 12 cations on a portable CE instrument. It is shown that C4D provides considerably superior detection sensitivity (by a factor of about 8 in comparison with optimised indirect photometry).

Determination of inorganic ions in mineral water by gradient elution moving boundary electrophoresis

“…LOD values for each ion were in the low mmol/L to sub-mmol/L range. The LOD values from this GEMBE experiment were similar to the LOD values for inorganic ions using conductivity and UV-Vis detection schemes in CE [12].…”

“…For a comprehensive overview of inorganic cation speciation and detection by IC, refer to [10]. For reviews on inorganic ion analysis by CE, refer to [11,12].…”

Capillary and Microchip Electrophoresis

“…Thus, complex formation is often used for separation and monitoring is typically effected by indirect photometric (Fig. 7) or conductivity detection [113][114][115][116]. Examples presented in Figure 17 depict the separation of anions (Fig.…”

Rapid glucose concentration detection utilizing disposable integrated microfluidic chip

“…Compared to conventional large-scale instruments, microfluidic devices have many fundamental advantages, including (1) a higher throughput, (2) a reduced sample consumption, (3) a shorter analysis time, (4) the potential for in situ operation, (5) an improved performance and reliability, and (6) lower operating and manufacturing costs. Furthermore, microfluidic devices are easily integrated with other miniaturized devices to accomplish the complete assay of bio-materials on a single microfluidic chip Fu et al 2008;Lin et al 2009;Fu et al 2009;Johns et al 2009;Hairer and Vellekoop 2009;Kim et al 2010;Cheng et al 2011;Rosenauer et al 2011;Elizarov et al 2011). …”