Recent Perspectives on the Relations between Fecal Mutagenicity, Genotoxicity, and Diet

Gratz, Silvia; Wallace, Robert John; El-Nezami, Hani

doi:10.3389/fphar.2011.00004

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 70 publications

(86 reference statements)

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“…Secondary bile acids, branched chain fatty acids, saturated fats and toxins are associated with an increase in FW toxicity. Dietary interventions, such as prebiotics and probiotics, may lead to lower faecal genotoxicity …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic microorganisms detoxify ochratoxin A in both a chicken liver cell line and chickens

et al. 2019

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BACKGROUND: The administration of probiotics and prebiotics (synbiotics) is a promising method for detoxification of ochratoxin A (OTA) in animals. The aim of this study was to investigate the ability of five probiotic strains of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and one Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast strain, from three different synbiotics for poultry, to detoxify OTA. In addition, we also investigated the genotoxicity of faecal water (FW) of chickens after administering OTA and/or synbiotics for 42 days. RESULTS:All tested LAB and yeast strains had the ability to detoxify OTA by significant (P < 0.05) reducing its concentration (by 31.3-47.7% and 31.9%, respectively, after 24 h incubation) and genotoxicity (by 22.6-51.8% and 52.7%, respectively). Synbiotics composed of four and five probiotic strains significantly (P < 0.05) decreased FW genotoxicity of chicks, after exposure to OTA, to the level seen in the control group (21.8% ± 1.7%) and were more effective than synbiotics composed of three probiotic strains (31.5%). CONCLUSION: These results showed that there was a beneficial effect of the synbiotics on the gastrointestinal tract of animals. Furthermore, synbiotic preparations containing four or five of tested strains can be considered as preventive agents in the contamination of poultry with OTA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Probiotic microorganisms detoxify ochratoxin A in both a chicken liver cell line and chickens

et al. 2019

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“…However, increased endogenous formation as the underlying cause for the association between red and processed red meat intake and CRC risk was also not supported by the observation that in the dietary intervention studies of Bingham's group Joosen et al, 2009;Joosen et al, 2010), no difference in fecal water genotoxicity in relation to meat intake was detected despite the increased fecal ATNC concentrations. Both masking of the genotoxic effect by genoprotective compounds present in the complex mixture of the fecal water and the inability of the used Comet assay in human-derived colonocyte cell lines to detect genotoxic chemicals in fecal water have been suggested in order to explain this unexpected result (Gratz et al, 2011). Furthermore, NOCs measured as ATNC may promote cancer through a non-genotoxic mode of action.…”

Section: Effect Of Heme On the Endogenous Production Of Nocmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms Linking Colorectal Cancer to the Consumption of (Processed) Red Meat: A Review

Demeyer

Mertens

Smet

et al. 2015

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition

157

103

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer in the world. The vast majority of CRC cases have been linked to environmental causes rather than to heritable genetic changes. Over the last decades, epidemiological evidence linking the consumption of red and, more convincingly, of processed red meat to CRC has accumulated. In parallel, hypotheses on carcinogenic mechanisms underlying an association between CRC and the intake of red and processed red meat have been proposed and investigated in biological studies. The hypotheses that have received most attention until now include (1) the presence of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and heterocyclic aromatic amines, two groups of compounds recognized as carcinogenic, (2) the enhancing effect of (nitrosyl)heme on the formation of carcinogenic N-nitroso compounds and lipid peroxidation. However, none of these hypotheses completely explains the link between red and processed red meat intake and the CRC risk. Consequently, scientists have proposed additional mechanisms or refined their hypotheses. This review first briefly summarizes the development of CRC followed by an indepth overview and critical discussion of the different potential carcinogenic mechanisms underlying the increased CRC risk associated with the consumption of red and processed red meat.

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“…ICR 191 (acridine mutagen) and fecal water challenge both induced frameshift mutations in HT29 (G17 neo) cells causing an increase in relative mutation frequency (RMF) of approximately 80% compared with the media-only control. Although ICR 191 is a classical frameshift mutagen, faecal water was used to induce mutagenicity given its biological relevance to the colonic environment [24,25].…”

Section: Biological Activity In Vitro Digested In Vitro Fermented mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of in vivo and in vitro digestion on polyphenol composition in lingonberries: Potential impact on colonic health

et al. 2014

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The composition of polyphenols in ileal fluid samples obtained from an ileostomy subject after lingonberry intake was compared with lingonberry extracts obtained after simulated in vitro digestion (IVDL) and subsequent faecal fermentation (IVFL). HPLC-PDA-MS/MS analysis confirmed similar patterns of lingonberry (poly)phenolic metabolism after the in vivo and in vitro digestion, with reduced recovery of anthocyanins and a similar pattern of recovery for proanthocyanidins observed for both methods of digestion. On the other hand, the IVFL sample contained none of the original (poly)phenolic components but was enriched in simple aromatic components. Digested and fermented extracts exhibited significant (P < 0.05) anti-genotoxic (Comet assay), anti-mutagenic (Mutation Frequency assay), and anti-invasive (Matrigel Invasion assay) effects in human cell culture models of colorectal cancer at physiologically-relevant doses (0-50 μg/mL gallic acid equivalents). The ileal fluid induced significant anti-genotoxic activity (P < 0.05), but at a higher concentration (200 μg/mL gallic acid equivalents) than the IVDL. Despite extensive structural modification following digestion and fermentation, lingonberry extracts retained their bioactivity in vitro. This reinforces the need for studies to consider the impact of digestion when investigating bioactivity of dietary phytochemicals.

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Recent Perspectives on the Relations between Fecal Mutagenicity, Genotoxicity, and Diet

Cited by 18 publications

References 70 publications

Probiotic microorganisms detoxify ochratoxin A in both a chicken liver cell line and chickens

Probiotic microorganisms detoxify ochratoxin A in both a chicken liver cell line and chickens

Mechanisms Linking Colorectal Cancer to the Consumption of (Processed) Red Meat: A Review

Comparison of in vivo and in vitro digestion on polyphenol composition in lingonberries: Potential impact on colonic health

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