Recent developments in superporous hydrogels

Abstract

Superporous hydrogels (SPHs) were originally developed as a novel drug delivery system to retain drugs in the gastric medium. These systems should instantly swell in the stomach and maintain their integrity in the harsh stomach environment, while releasing the pharmaceutical active ingredient. For years, the synthetic features and properties of these SPH materials have been modified and improved to meet the requirements for gastric retention applications. Furthermore, an instant swelling hydrogel has also shown potential application for peroral intestinal peptide and protein absorption. This review discusses the formulation, characterization, properties and applications of these polymers.

Gels with sense: supramolecular materials that respond to heat, light and sound

“…156 Conversely, rapid drug release may be achieved by the use of super-disintegrators, wherein extensive swelling weakens the polymer to facilitate dissolution. 155,157 Comparable drug release from gels comprising LMWGs has been explored, 43,158,159 especially in topical applications. 160,161 LMWGs offer a number of advantages over polymeric gelators: they are often simpler to synthesise, boast useful features such as rapid lowtemperature interconversion between sol and gel states, and can be controllably modified to enable specific and varied interactions with other molecules, such as an encapsulated drug.…”

Polymeric hydrogels for oral insulin delivery

“…Superporous hydrogels (SPH) that can swell 10 to 100 times their original weight in the intestinal fluid within few minutes are the attractive devices [49] to facilitate the opening of epithelial TJs to enhance paracellular transport. In this pursuit, novel SPH and SPH composites (SPHC) were prepared by Dorkoosh et al [50] using acrylamide and acrylic acid monomers cross-linked with N,N′-methylene-bis-acrylamide by the methods: one is formation of a core inside a conveyor system and the other is core attached to the surface of a conveyor system.…”

Super Porous Hydrogel: A Promising Gastroretentive Drug Delivery System

“…To avoid this problem, water inside SPHs is replaced with alcohol (e.g., ethanol and third (E, F) SPH generations. [74] #Second generation SPH (SPH composite, SPHCs) [30]…”