Recent developments in capillary electrophoresis and capillary electrochromatography of peptides

Abstract

The article gives a comprehensive review on the recent developments in the applications of high-performance capillary electromigration methods, zone electrophoresis, isotachophoresis, isoelectric focusing, affinity electrophoresis, electrokinetic chromatography, and electrochromatography, to analysis, preparation, and physicochemical characterization of peptides. The article presents new approaches to the theoretical description and experimental verification of electromigration behavior of peptides, covers the methodological aspects of capillary electroseparations of peptides, such as rational selection of separation conditions, sample preparation, suppression of peptide adsorption, new developments in individual separation modes, and new designs of detection systems. Several types of applications of capillary electromigration methods to peptide analysis are presented: conventional qualitative and quantitative analysis, purity control, determination in biomatrices, monitoring of chemical and enzymatical reactions and physical changes, amino acid and sequence analysis, and peptide mapping of proteins. Some examples of micropreparative peptide separations are given and capabilities of capillary electromigration techniques to provide important physicochemical characteristics of peptides are demonstrated.

Amino acids: Aspects of impurity profiling by means of CE

“…Several articles review the application of CE in pharmaceutical analysis [20][21][22][23][24][25]. Currently, the Ph.…”

Capillary electrophoresis hyphenated to inductively coupled plasma‐mass spectrometry: A novel approach for the analysis of anticancer metallodrugs in human serum and plasma

“…One of the ways to overcome this drawback and to obtain reliable analyses is the deactivation of the capillary wall by means of different coatings, either dynamic or permanent, as extensively reviewed [22]. Additives to the BGE such as CTAB have already found application in metallodrug-protein binding studies in order to enhance the quality of separation [11], but dynamic noncovalent coatings with Polybrene (PB) or similar polymers have also been widely applied in CE of peptides and proteins [23,24]. The advantage of coating with PB lies in the fact that no additives have to be added to the BGE, which therefore reduces the complexity of the system.…”

Eletrocromatografia capilar: contextualização, estado da arte e perspectivas

“…Quando desenvolvida na forma de micro-dispositivos e acoplada às técnicas de detecção como MS, nos chamados micro-TAS, além dos menores consumos de amostra e de solvente, a CEC tem seu desempenho potencializado, representando uma ferramenta analítica poderosa para aplicações em pesquisas na área de genoma e proteoma, que exigem análises rápidas, com altas eficiência, seletividade, detectabilidade e capacidade de processamento. 87 Com relação às futuras aplicações, a CEC já adquiriu maturidade suficiente em termos de desenvolvimento para que possa ser aplicada em praticamente todos os tipos de análises que atualmente são realizadas por HPLC e CE, estando em desvantagem em algumas delas devido à menor reprodutibilidade e detectabilidade. Apesar disto, novas aplicações ainda são esperadas em CEC, com os mais diversos tipos de amostras.…”