“…Therefore, ATP has been recognized as a powerful indicator for clinical diagnosis and disease treatment evaluation. , In addition, ATP can also be used to indicate the degree of microbial contamination in the food industry, which makes ATP content detection also valuable in food safety and biochemical research. , So far, considerable efforts have been made to develop ATP detection technologies through fluorescence (FL), colorimetry, electrochemiluminescence, electrochemistry, and photoelectrochemical (PEC) methods . Among them, PEC analysis shows unique advantages due to its superior analytical performance (high sensitivity) and desirable potential in the point-of-care diagnosis and field testing (portable, responsive, and cheap). − Through literature research, the currently reported PEC strategies for ATP detection basically required the participation of an ATP aptamer and enzyme, which put forward high requirements for experimental operation and conditions. , Moreover, the developed PEC biosensors were based on a single signal readout mode that is vulnerable to variable coexisting interferents, altered handling personnel, or nonstandard instruments and procedures.…”