Reasons to exercise among college men from Argentina, Brazil, United States of America and France

Carvalho, Paulo Victor Rodrigues de; Souza, Aline Cavalcante de; Alvarenga, Marle dos Santos

doi:10.31501/rbpe.v11i1.12342

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(33 reference statements)

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“…For example, Forbes et al [ 39 ] found higher scores for body dissatisfaction and lower scores for eating disorders in Brazilian women compared to U.S. women. A study by Carvalho et al [ 50 ] highlights the importance of exercise in both countries yet shows that U.S. men have a higher weekly average of exercises than Brazilian men.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These cultural differences are intriguing and suggest that there are differences in the meaning of exercise among these two cultures. In a previous cross-cultural study by de Carvalho et al [ 50 ] Brazilians were more likely to respond that they exercise for “weight loss” whereas Americans more often said “health.” Perhaps when it comes to compulsive exercise, the higher levels of concern for health among Americans is now reflected in concerns more explicitly for weight loss (given the obesity epidemic in the U.S. today). Perhaps Brazilians who exercise more compulsively find that their moods are affected when they do not or cannot exercise and that now is a stronger motivation that weight loss.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Validation and measurement invariance of the Compulsive Exercise Test among Brazilian and American young adults

Campos,

Frazier,

Almeida

et al. 2024

Eat Weight Disord

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Purpose To evaluate compulsive exercise, researchers often rely on the widely used Compulsive Exercise Test (CET). However, the measure has shown unstable factor structure in several validation studies and is not available in Portuguese for use in Brazil. We aimed to describe the translation and cultural adaptation of the CET to Brazilian Portuguese, to test several factor structures among Brazilian and US samples of men and women, to test measurement invariance across countries, and to evaluate its internal consistency. Furthermore, we sought to evaluate convergent validity, correlating the CET with a measure of eating disorder symptoms, and to compare compulsive exercise symptoms between countries. Methods Four models of the latent structure of the CET were tested using confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs), three-factor structure with 15 items, three-factor structure with 18 items, four-factor structure with 21 items, and the original five-factor structure with 24 items, in a sample of 1,531 young adults (601 Brazilians and 930 Americans), aged 18–35 years. Results A series of CFAs demonstrated that the three-factor structure with 15 items showed a better fit to the data. This model demonstrated good convergent validity and internal consistency. Results from the CET multigroup CFA showed evidence for the invariance at the configural, metric, and scalar levels across Brazilians and Americans. Furthermore, significant differences were found between Brazilians and Americans, with Brazilians demonstrating higher scores on the Avoidance and rule-driven behavior and Mood improvement subscales, whereas US participants scored higher on the Weight control exercise subscale. Conclusions Results support the three-factor structure with 15 items to be used as a measure of compulsive exercise among Brazilians and Americans, allowing cross-cultural comparisons between these countries. Level of evidence Level V, Cross-sectional, Psychometric study.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%