Real-time, subsecond, multicomponent breath analysis by Optical Parametric Oscillator based Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy

Arslanov, Denis; Swinkels, Koen R.; Cristescu, Simona M.; Harren, F.J.M.

doi:10.1364/oe.19.024078

Cited by 50 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Laser-based absorption spectroscopy has advanced over the last few decades such that it allows highly sensitive, selective, real-time, and accurate measurements of compounds in breath for clinical testing [2,12]. It can be performed either via narrow frequency scanning or broadband tuning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ethanol on Breath Acetone Measurements Using an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser

et al. 2016

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Broadly tunable external cavity quantum cascade lasers (EC-QCLs) in combination with off-axis integrated cavity enhanced spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) provide high molecular gas sensitivity and selectivity. We used an EC-QCL in the region of 1150-1300 cm´1 in both broadband scan mode, as well as narrow scanning mode around 1216 cm´1, respectively, for detection of acetone in exhaled breath. This wavelength region is essential for accurate determination of breath acetone due to the relative low spectral influence of other endogenous molecules like water, carbon dioxide or methane. We demonstrated that ethanol has a strong spectroscopic influence on the acetone concentration in exhaled breath, an important detail that has been overlooked so far. An ethanol correction is proposed and validated with the reference measurements from a proton-transfer reaction mass spectrometer (PTR-MS) for the same breath samples from ten persons. With the ethanol correction, both broadband and narrowband molecular spectroscopy represent an attractive way to accurately assess the exhaled breath acetone. The importance of considering spectroscopic ethanol influence is essential, especially for the narrowband scans, (e.g., 1216 cm´1), for which the error in determining the acetone concentrations can rise up to 39% if it is not considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Ethanol on Breath Acetone Measurements Using an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser

et al. 2016

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“…Optical sensors for such applications rely on the availability of compact and inexpensive laser sources [1,2]. Specifically, for the detection of NH 3 or CO 2 in human breath an efficient, high-power thulium laser source in compact channel waveguide geometry, operating in the 2 μm wavelength region, would be desirable.…”

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confidence: 99%

Thulium channel waveguide laser in a monoclinic double tungstate with 70% slope efficiency

et al. 2012

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Laser experiments were performed on buried, ridge-type channel waveguides in an 8 at. % thulium-doped, yttrium-gadolinium-lutetium codoped monoclinic double tungstate. A maximum slope efficiency of 70% and output powers up to 300 mW about 2.0 μm were obtained in a mirrorless laser resonator, by pumping with a Ti:sapphire laser near 800 nm. To the best of our knowledge, this result represents the most efficient 2 μm channel waveguide laser to date. Lasing is obtained at various wavelengths between 1810 nm and 2037 nm.

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“…The response of the system is mainly determined by the ventilation time. This can be reduced to a single second by increasing the pump capacity and shortening gas tubing with larger diameter towards the pump without any consequence for the sensitivity of the system [11]. With this sensor we were able to demonstrate the presence of HCN in exhaled breath of CF patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

A widely tunable, near-infrared laser-based trace gas sensor for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detection in exhaled breath

et al. 2017

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down spectroscopy, wavelength modulation spectroscopy, off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) [10,11] and photoacoustic spectroscopy [12,13]. For these spectroscopic methods specificity, costs and complexity depend highly on the used laser wavelength. For probing molecular gas species in mid-infrared molecular fingerprint region (2-20 μm) continuous wave quantum cascade lasers (QCL) [14] and interband cascade lasers [15] are mostly used, next to non-linear generated light via different frequency generation (DFG) [16], or optical parametric oscillators (OPO) [17].In the near-infrared wavelength region, compact diode lasers are designed to operate efficiently around the 1.5 μm wavelength region for telecommunications purposes, as optical losses in fibers are minimal at this wavelength. In recent years, an advance and sensitive optical spectrometer based on a near-infrared laser and cavity ring down spectroscopy (CRDS) has been successfully developed and used to measure HCN below the ppbv (part per billion volume, 1:10 9 ) level [18,19]. In the present study, a widely tunable telecommunication laser is used in combination with off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy (OA-ICOS) for trace gas detection. Off-axis-ICOS offers a compact, robust setup with fast detection and lower costs, but at similar sensitivity performance levels as compared to CRDS. As such, these features allow this to be considered as an easy-to-implement solution for real-world applications.Here, we will use the system for detection of HCN in exhaled breath. In vitro studies have shown that cultures of Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria produce the toxic hydrogen cyanide (HCN) [20,21]. Furthermore, HCN has been detected in sputum of P. aeruginosa infected cystic fibrosis (CF) patients [22,23]. In vivo studies using selected ion flow tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS) report that HCN can be identified as a biomarker for P. aeruginosa infection Abstract A compact, cost-effective sensor is developed for detection of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in exhaled breath within seconds. For this, an off-axis integrated cavity output spectroscopy setup is combined with a widely tunable compact near-infrared laser (tunability 1527-1564 nm). For HCN a detection sensitivity has been obtained of 8 ppbv in nitrogen (within 1 s), equal to a noise equivalent absorption sensitivity of 1.9 × 10 −9 cm −1 Hz −1/2 . With this sensor we demonstrated the presence of HCN in exhaled breath; its detection could be a good indicator for bacterial lung infection. Due to its compact, cost-effective and user-friendly design, this laser-based sensor has the potential to be implemented in future clinical applications.

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Real-time, subsecond, multicomponent breath analysis by Optical Parametric Oscillator based Off-Axis Integrated Cavity Output Spectroscopy

Cited by 50 publications

References 34 publications

Influence of Ethanol on Breath Acetone Measurements Using an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser

Influence of Ethanol on Breath Acetone Measurements Using an External Cavity Quantum Cascade Laser

Thulium channel waveguide laser in a monoclinic double tungstate with 70% slope efficiency

A widely tunable, near-infrared laser-based trace gas sensor for hydrogen cyanide (HCN) detection in exhaled breath

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