Real-time atomic force microscopy imaging of photoinduced surface deformation in AsxSe100−x chalcogenide films

Trunov, M. L.; Lytvyn, P. M.; Nagy, Péter; Dyachyns’ka, O. M.

doi:10.1063/1.3360229

Cited by 44 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…More detailed study reveals the influence of chalcogen content on this process. In the previous papers [10], the authors investigated the light-induced SR formation in As c Se 1−c by lateral mass transport and elucidated that ChG films of As 0.2 Se 0.8 composition are the most efficient in this system for SR formation, with large peak-to-valley amplitude produced by lateral mass transport under projection of a p-polarized interference pattern.…”

Section: Aq1mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…direct light-induced fabrication of surface relief (SR) by lateral mass transport on ChG films, have been widely studied for several selected composition, including As 0.4 S 0.6 , As 0.2 Se 0.8 , Se [9][10][11][12] and appropriate mechanisms were proposed recently [13,14]. More detailed study reveals the influence of chalcogen content on this process.…”

Section: Aq1mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Electron beam-induced mass transport in As–Se thin films: compositional dependence and glass network topological effects

Trunov

Cserháti

Lytvyn

et al. 2013

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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Electron beam (e-beam)-induced changes of surface profile morphology in As c Se 1−c (0.2 < c < 0.5) thin films are investigated as a function of the film composition. It is shown that the extent and value of local surface alterations follow the composition-related changes of glass parameters such as softening temperature and glass network connectivity. The giant e-beam-induced surface relief changes detected in the films As 0.2 Se 0.8 are connected with lateral mass transport, which increases drastically near rigidity transition, i.e. at a coordination number r ∼ 2.2 of the glass structures when the rigidity starts to percolate through the structure. The model of the process, which reflects the compositional dependence of the stimulated mass transport, is presented.

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Section: Aq1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aq1mentioning

confidence: 99%

Electron beam-induced mass transport in As–Se thin films: compositional dependence and glass network topological effects

Trunov

Cserháti

Lytvyn

et al. 2013

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…For example, vectorial SRG have been observed only for Se-rich films in the binary As-Se system (As 20 Se 80 ) 10 and for the compositions close to As 40 S 60 in As-S glasses 3 while scalar SRGs are common to all glass compositions of As-S and As-Se glasses. While for As-S glass the above observation (lack of vectorial SRG) could be accounted for by considering the photo-induced polymerization effect in S-rich compositions, 12 in the case of As-Se glasses the effect is not yet well understood.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Note again that these SRGs are out of phase regarding to the light intensity profile which is opposite to the previous observation in As 20 Se 80 composition. 10 However, the negative value of the amplitude of the SRG obtained in p-p scheme of recording decreases sharply and then vanishes very fast [see Fig. 1(c), negative part of p-p curve].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 Among them, the effect of light induced surface deformation and direct fabrication of surface relief gratings (SRGs) in ChG is intensively studied over the last decade both experimentally [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10] and theoretically. 11 Two main types of SRG induced by holographic recording, due to the excitation intensity modulation, with near band-gap light in ChG can be distinguished according to their formation mechanism and their properties: 10 (1) small scalar SRG induced by either volume expansion or shrinkage due to different response of the material in the bright and dark zones of the interference pattern formed and (2) giant vectorial SRG induced by lateral mass transport in the case where the light polarization of the recording beams has a component along the light intensity gradient.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Photoinduced mass-transport based holographic recording of surface relief gratings in amorphous selenium films

Trunov

Lytvyn

Yannopoulos

et al. 2011

Applied Physics Letters

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Surface relief gratings formation in amorphous selenium thin films in two recording configurations with light intensity modulation were studied in situ by real-time atomic force microscopy and diffraction efficiency measurements. We report observation of mass transport effect in films induced by band-gap irradiation when the light polarization of the recording beams has a component along the light intensity gradient ("p-p" scheme of recording) that allows obtaining giant stable gratings in this versatile chalcogenide material. On the contrary, only a pure scalar weak grating caused by photoinduced volume shrinkage is obtained in the "s-s" recording configuration, even for long-term irradiation. Chalcogenide glasses (ChG) are known to exhibit a rich variety of photoinduced changes when illuminated with near bandgap light including changes in mechanical properties, termed as photoplastic effects.1 Among them, the effect of light induced surface deformation and direct fabrication of surface relief gratings (SRGs) in ChG is intensively studied over the last decade both experimentally 2-10 and theoretically.11 Two main types of SRG induced by holographic recording, due to the excitation intensity modulation, with near band-gap light in ChG can be distinguished according to their formation mechanism and their properties:10 (1) small scalar SRG induced by either volume expansion or shrinkage due to different response of the material in the bright and dark zones of the interference pattern formed and (2) giant vectorial SRG induced by lateral mass transport in the case where the light polarization of the recording beams has a component along the light intensity gradient.Experiments have shown that only few compositions of ChG demonstrate both types of SRG. For example, vectorial SRG have been observed only for Se-rich films in the binary As-Se system (As 20 Se 80 ) 10 and for the compositions close to As 40 S 60 in As-S glasses 3 while scalar SRGs are common to all glass compositions of As-S and As-Se glasses. While for As-S glass the above observation (lack of vectorial SRG) could be accounted for by considering the photo-induced polymerization effect in S-rich compositions, 12 in the case of As-Se glasses the effect is not yet well understood. Although elemental amorphous Se (a-Se) is a model glass-former in chalcogenide science, no systematic studies of SRG formation have been carried out up to now, while investigations of other photoinduced effects abound. 13 A fact that perplexes studies of SRG formation relates to the photoinduced crystallization of a-Se (Ref. 14) under band-gap illumination, thus preventing the formation of advanced surface relief stable in time.Few papers report the formation of surface relief induced by holographic recording for a-Se films. 2,5,15 In an early study, Haro-Poniatowski et al.,15 employing phase conjugation, haveshown that small (20 nm in height) photoinduced surface relief gratings appears in 4 lm-thick films with the same spatial period. Slightly higher reliefs ($ 40 nm) formed a...

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Stimulated Surface Relief Erasing in Amorphous As‐Se Layers: Thermal‐ and Light Induced Effects

Molnár

Bohdan

Takáts

et al. 2018

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Here the kinetics of erasing surface relief gratings (SRGs) in amorphous As20Se80 thin films are studied under various temperatures (in the range 298–408 K) and continuous‐wave illumination by band gap light of various intensities (0–2.5 W cm−2) and polarizations. The SRGs with 3.5 and 15 μm periods and 300 nm amplitudes are recorded by two beam interference. By the measurements of erasing kinetics on the grating of two the different periods, the authors are able to separate contributions of viscous flow and photo‐induced (PI) diffusion flow, which the authors consider as independent mechanisms of mass transfer. The authors detect that band gap light illumination does not change the viscosity of chalcogenide films. In contrast to previous results, the authors suggest that mass transport is accelerated by light due to contribution of PI diffusion flow, not by decrease of “pure” viscous flow. Contribution of PI diffusion flow, as well as anisotropy of mass transport under illumination by polarized light, drops with increasing temperature, whereas contribution of viscous flow grows with temperature. By separation of contributions of PI diffusion and viscous flow in mass transfer, the authors can determine PI diffusion coefficients and their temperature dependences.

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Real-time atomic force microscopy imaging of photoinduced surface deformation in AsxSe100−x chalcogenide films

Cited by 44 publications

References 17 publications

Electron beam-induced mass transport in As–Se thin films: compositional dependence and glass network topological effects

Electron beam-induced mass transport in As–Se thin films: compositional dependence and glass network topological effects

Photoinduced mass-transport based holographic recording of surface relief gratings in amorphous selenium films

Stimulated Surface Relief Erasing in Amorphous As‐Se Layers: Thermal‐ and Light Induced Effects

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