Reactively Sputtered Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films

Fuls, E.N.; Hensler, D. H.; Ross, A. R.

doi:10.1063/1.1754909

Cited by 62 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The switching takes place due to a semiconductor to metal (MIT) transition that is accompanied by a first order structural phase transition from monoclinic to rutile. As a consequence, a drop in the resistance of around four orders of magnitude is observed [5], along with a remarkable decrease of the IR transmittance [6]. The origin of the MIT transition still remains controversial.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the technical potential of near-infrared switching thermochromic windows for commercial building applications

Hoffmann

Lee

Clavero

2014

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

110

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Current thermochromic windows modulate solar transmission primarily within the visible range, resulting in reduced space-conditioning energy use but also reduced daylight, thereby increasing lighting energy use compared to conventional static, near-infrared selective, low-emittance windows. To better understand the energy savings potential of improved thermochromic devices, a hypothetical near-infrared switching thermochromic glazing was defined based on guidelines provided by the material science community. EnergyPlus simulations were conducted on a prototypical large office building and a detailed analysis was performed showing the progression from switching characteristics to net window heat flow and perimeter zone loads and then to perimeter zone heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) and lighting energy use for a mixed hot/cold climate and a hot, humid climate in the US. When a relatively high daylight transmission is maintained when switched (Tsol = 0.10-0.50, Tvis = 0.30-0.60) and if coupled with a low-e inboard glazing layer (e = 0.04), the hypothetical thermochromic window with a low critical switching temperature range (14-20°C) achieved reductions in total site annual energy use of 14.0-21.1 kWh/m 2 -floor-yr or 12-14% 2 for moderate-to large-area windows (WWR≥0.30) in Chicago and 9.8-18.6 kWh/m 2 -floor-yr or 10-17% 3 for WWR≥0.45 in Houston compared to an unshaded spectrally-selective, low-e window (window E1) in south-, east-, and west-facing perimeter zones. If this hypothetical thermochromic window can be offered at costs that are competitive to conventional low-e windows and meet aesthetic requirements defined by the building industry and end users, then the technology is likely to be a viable energy-efficiency option for internal load dominated commercial buildings.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Examination of the technical potential of near-infrared switching thermochromic windows for commercial building applications

Hoffmann

Lee

Clavero

2014

Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells

110

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“…VO 2 synthesis is usually a complicated process due to the narrow temperature-pressure window and optimization of various parameters. That is mainly due to the multiple valence states of vanadium [41]. Due to the small compositional differences between the numerous phases of vanadium oxide, hence VO 2 preparation requires a stringently controlled process that provides the desired oxygen stoichiometry and correct crystalline structure.…”

Section: Theoretical Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochromic Properties of VO2-PVP Composite Coatings

Madiba

Simo

Sone

et al. 2015

Materials Today: Proceedings

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“…Reactive sputtering of a metal in an inert gas, with a small amount of an active gas present, has been used extensively as a technique for forming metallic compounds, for example, transition metal compounds of V, Nb, Ta, Mo and W, which are otherwise difficult to achieve. V0 2 thin films were first grown by reactive sputtering in Fuls et al [85], who synthesised the films by reactive ion-beam sputtering of a vanadium target in an argon-oxygen atmosphere. Therefore, the gaseous vanadium reacts with the oxygen gas in the deposition chamber to form a V0 2 thin film by condensing onto a substrate.…”

Section: Physical Vapour Depositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermochromic Thin Films and Nanocomposites for Smart Glazing

Binions

2012

Intelligent Nanomaterials

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Solid-state thermochromic materials undergo semiconductor to metal transitions at a critical temperature, Γ. This chapter begins by describing the phenomenon of thermochromism, whereby the optical properties of a material change reversibly as a result of a change in temperature. The different types of thermochromism will be introduced with a focus on the thermochromism exhibited by solid-state materials. Also presented are the fundamental chemical principles that describe the electronic structure and properties of solids, and the chronological developments in the theory behind the thermochromic transitions that lead to the discovery of the semiconductor-to-metal transition. The focus is on vanadium dioxide, V0 2 , because its critical temperature is closest to room temperature, so it is a valuable material for potential application in thermochromic glazing. The possibility of fine-tuning this transition temperature involves introducing various dopants into the V0 2 lattice, which can increase or decrease Γ.Additionally, the chapter will examine the effects of dopants and the requirements of dopants to achieve the desired effect on T will be discussed. Solid-state thermochromic materials may be exploited in devices such as microelectronics, data storage, or intelligent architectural glazing, thus are required to be synthesis as thin films for use in such applications. The numerous synthetic techniques for making metal oxide thermochromic thin films will be investigated through a comparison of each synthetic method.In exploring recent research on the production of thin film, the chapter explains that micro-structural changes bought about by careful control of film growth conditions, and/or the use of surfactant, lead to an

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Reactively Sputtered Vanadium Dioxide Thin Films

Cited by 62 publications

References 7 publications

Examination of the technical potential of near-infrared switching thermochromic windows for commercial building applications

Examination of the technical potential of near-infrared switching thermochromic windows for commercial building applications

Thermochromic Properties of VO2-PVP Composite Coatings

Thermochromic Thin Films and Nanocomposites for Smart Glazing

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