Reaction of Silicate Minerals To Form Tetramethoxysilane

Abstract

Several silicon dioxide sources were used as reagents in the base-mediated reaction with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) to make tetramethoxysilane (Q'). Several commercially available diatomaceous earth materials were investigated. High throughput screening was employed to explore over 200 silicate rocks and minerals as alternative silicon dioxide sources for formation of Q' from DMC and base. Amorphous silicon dioxide materials are effective reagents for the Q' forming reaction. Effective silicon dioxide sources in addition to the diatomaceous earth materials include opal and various synthetic silicates (Li, Co, and Ca).

The selective dissolution of rice hull ash to form [OSiO1.5]8[R4N]8(R = Me, CH2CH2OH) octasilicates. Basic nanobuilding blocks and possible models of intermediates formed during biosilicification processes

“…15 This latter work has been followed up by extensive efforts by Lewis et al demonstrating that a number of silica sources can be used and that, in some instances, methylsilanes can also be produced. 16 We have also explored silica dissolution using the saturated analog of catechol, ethylene glycol (egH 2 ), giving quantitative yields of new glycolatosilicates, [17][18][19][20] 19 Dissolution thermodynamics are similar to those found for pressurized SiO 2 dissolution in aqueous base at similar temperatures, used commercially to make silicates. 21,22 For Scheme 5(a-c), where the products are neutral alkoxysilanes, the activation energies are similar, 19…”

Review for the Direct Synthesis of Dimethyl Carbonate

“…Reactions with metal oxides are other important reactions. Alkoxysilanes are important chemicals for the ceramic industry; in particular, tetramethoxysilane can be produced from DMC and silica [18]. Ilham et al [19] studied the application of DMC for fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) production instead of the conventional process from methanol.…”

Toward a New Direct Process: Synthesis of Methylmethoxysilanes from Dimethyl Carbonate and Pentacopper Silicide

“…Carbonate esters are conceptually similar substrates to ethers and alcohols, but they have received very little attention in application to the synthesis of methylmethoxysilanes. , Dimethyl carbonate, DMC, in particular, has been proposed as an environmentally friendly, nontoxic methylating agent as a substitute to MeCl. , DMC has been shown to react with silica to yield tetramethoxysilane, Si­(OMe) 4 , and with germania to furnish methylmethoxygermanes . However, an investigation into the reactivity of this carbonate with elemental silicon in a direct synthesis-style reaction has never been conducted.…”