Reaction of Organosulfur Compounds with Naturally Occurring Peroxides in Jet Fuel

Mushrush, George W.; Beal, Erna J.; Slone, and Eric; Hardy, Dennis R.

doi:10.1021/ef950179c

Cited by 18 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 21 publications

(42 reference statements)

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“…Depending on the reaction conditions and the nature of organosulfur compounds, several main pathways of oxidation reaction are possible. 14,15,32 As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the final oxidation products of thiols or disulfides are sulfonic acids (Figure 1), whereas the oxidation of sulfides yields sulfones ( Figure 2). …”

Section: Main Pathways Of Oxidation Of Organosulfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Control and Investigation of Oxidation Kinetics of Postoxidative Effluents Using Gas Chromatography with Pulsed Flame Photometric Detection (GC-PFPD)

Boczkaj

Kamiński

Przyjazny

2010

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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This article presents the results of investigations on the use of headspace analysis and gas chromatography with pulsed flame photometric detection (HSA-GC-PFPD) to evaluate the effectiveness of oxidation of postoxidative effluents from the production of bitumens. Samples of effluents from the bitumen oxidation unit were used in the experiments. In addition, the kinetics of effluent oxidation was also investigated. The content of volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) was determined using HSA-GC-PFPD. The results were correlated with chemical oxygen demand (COD). The changes in concentration of individual volatile sulfur compounds in the course of effluent oxidation were measured, which enabled the determination of the order of the oxidation reactions. The usefulness of the determination of VSCs in the headspace as a reliable technique for evaluating the reduction in emissions of volatile malodorous compounds was demonstrated. The developed method is also useful for process control of the oxidation of postoxidative effluents. The procedure ensures an objective evaluation of the effectiveness of the removal of volatile sulfur compounds from postoxidative effluents. The experimental results revealed that the effectiveness of the oxidation of organosulfur compounds was much higher than that of other classes of organic compounds. Furthermore, the order of oxidation reactions along with the rate constants of thiophenol, p-thiocresol, and hydrogen sulfide were determined. An advantage of the developed procedure is that it can be automated.

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Section: Main Pathways Of Oxidation Of Organosulfurmentioning

confidence: 99%

Process Control and Investigation of Oxidation Kinetics of Postoxidative Effluents Using Gas Chromatography with Pulsed Flame Photometric Detection (GC-PFPD)

Boczkaj

Kamiński

Przyjazny

2010

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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“…[12][13][14] Other fuel characteristics, such as lubricity and storage stability, are also dramatically affected by the amount of sulfur in the fuel, in both positive and negative ways. 15 Simultaneous with jet engine development, the chemical composition of petroleum-derived jet fuels has been studied in an attempt to understand how the chemical composition of the fuel affects engine performance. As a result of those studies, the formation of deposits in jet fuels under thermal stress has been associated with the presence of reactive sulfur species such as thiols, sulfides, and disulfides.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Class- and Structure-Specific Separation, Analysis, and Identification Techniques for the Characterization of the Sulfur Components of JP-8 Aviation Fuel

et al. 2003

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Methods have been described for separating the sulfur content of aviation fuels into chemical classes for identification and quantitation. These separation methods simplified the fuel matrix, which allowed non-element-specific detection methods, such as mass spectrometry (MS), to be used for sulfur detection. These matrix simplification methods also enhanced the ability of element-specific detection methods, such as atomic emission detection (AED), to identify sulfur species that are present in the fuel. Separation of a model fuel mixture, as well as several representative aviation fuels, was performed using several different methods, including classspecific chemical oxidation methods that used iodine and another that used hydrogen peroxide, and a polarity-based separation that used a polar high-pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) column. Following separation, sulfur concentration was quantified into "reactive" and "nonreactive" classes, on the basis of the ease of transformation of the species, using chemical oxidation procedures, which also relates to the tendency for the species to undergo typical hydrodesulfurization reactions with hydrogen. These two classes were broken down further, with sulfur compounds being classified as thiol, sulfides and disulfides, thiophenes, benzothiophenes, or dibenzothiophenes. The separation and identification methods proved to be robust and transferable; the results from two independent laboratories were in good agreement. Sulfur in the jet fuels tested in this study appeared mainly as thiols, sulfides, and disulfides, as determined by gas chromotography-atomic emission detection (GC-AED), following the chemical oxidation procedures. Of the refractory sulfur compounds, benzothiophenes comprised the majority, as determined by GC-MS following the (HPLC) fractionations. Thiophenes and dibenzothiophenes contributed minor amounts to the total concentration of refractory sulfur compounds. Two main components of the benzothiophene class were identified to be 2,3-dimethyl benzothiophene and 2,3,7-trimethyl benzothiophene.

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“…The fuels relatively low in sulfur are comparatively more stable than fuel high in sulfur. Although sulfur compounds have been reported (Mushrush et al, 1996) as antioxidants due to decomposition of hydroperoxides in lubricating oil. But it depends on the nature and concentration of sulfur compounds, hydrocarbon structure, temperature, and oxygen concentration.…”

Section: Mechanism Of Degradationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Instability of Storage of Middle Distillate Fuels: A Review

Sharma

2012

Petroleum Science and Technology

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Reaction of Organosulfur Compounds with Naturally Occurring Peroxides in Jet Fuel

Cited by 18 publications

References 21 publications

Process Control and Investigation of Oxidation Kinetics of Postoxidative Effluents Using Gas Chromatography with Pulsed Flame Photometric Detection (GC-PFPD)

Process Control and Investigation of Oxidation Kinetics of Postoxidative Effluents Using Gas Chromatography with Pulsed Flame Photometric Detection (GC-PFPD)

Class- and Structure-Specific Separation, Analysis, and Identification Techniques for the Characterization of the Sulfur Components of JP-8 Aviation Fuel

The Instability of Storage of Middle Distillate Fuels: A Review

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